The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette.
"On Balmer Island, where mopeds serve as a popular form of transportation, the population increases to 100,000 during the summer months. To reduce the number of accidents involving mopeds and pedestrians, the town council of Balmer Island should limit the number of mopeds rented by the island's moped rental companies from 50 per day to 25 per day during the summer season. By limiting the number of rentals, the town council will attain the 50 percent annual reduction in moped accidents that was achieved last year on the neighboring island of Seaville, when Seaville's town council enforced similar limits on moped rentals."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
The letter written by the author to the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette claims that the reduction in moped rentals would lead to reduction in the number of accidents in summer month. This claim may seem logical at first glance but it rests upon some unwarranted assumptions that requires further detailed analysis. These logical fallacies are delineated in the following paragraphs.
Firstly, there is no evidence that increase in population leads to increase in accident rates. It is just a wishy-washy idea that has vague basis. It is highly possible that people move to Balmer islands in summer to rest and relax (Probably it was the holiday season). Thus spending the summer languidly inside homes means that the number of people on roads will be less which severely affects the claim that the population size is directly proportional to accidents.
Second, it is stated in the first line that moped is a 'popular mode of transportation' but nowhere it is claimed that it is the only mode. Thus there might be people owning other vehicles like cars, bikes or even pubic transports like buses can be a reason of accidents to happen. Another flawed reasoning is assuming that the mopeds are mostly rented. It is highly likely that it is self-owned by many of the dweller which contributed to it’s popularity and only a small percent of population may rent it. In that case reducing the number of rentals from 50 to 25 will do little good.
Moreover, the fundamental basis of the argument rests on the results obtained in the neighboring island Seaville which followed similar measures. This statement is rife with holes. While it may be true that Seaville successfully managed to reduce it's accident rates but the accurate data of how many mopeds per day were cut down is not mentioned. 'Similar limits can mean a 50% reduction from 500 to 250 which is a huge number. Also, the differences in the two islands should be taken into account. For instance,the population size of Seaville might be less hence making the roads less congestant.
They might have more stringent traffic rules compared to Balmer Island and citizens might be more disciplined in following them hence reducing the possibilities of accidents. The road conditions might be better in Seaville or they might have many options for alternate modes of transportations which may not be available in Balmer islands thus the population invariably relies on one and hence increasing the chances on accidents. We simply do not know the actual reason for the reduction in accident rates in Seaville thus conclusions cannot be made.
In summary, the author's argument is not entirely invalid but more quantitative data on the number of mopeds reduced in Seaville and an exhaustive evidence eliminating all the other reasons responsible for the decreased accident rates should be provided. Also, the actual number of people relying on moped and the number of people actually using the road transportation in summer months, the accident records are needed to bolster the author's claim.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 369, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...e number of people on roads will be less which severely affects the claim that th...
^^
Line 3, column 138, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Thus,
...it is claimed that it is the only mode. Thus there might be people owning other vehi...
^^^^
Line 3, column 212, Rule ID: PUBIC_X[1]
Message: Did you mean 'public'?
Suggestion: public
...other vehicles like cars, bikes or even pubic transports like buses can be a reason o...
^^^^^
Line 4, column 511, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , the
...ould be taken into account. For instance,the population size of Seaville might be le...
^^^^
Line 5, column 64, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ringent traffic rules compared to Balmer Island and citizens might be more disci...
^^
Line 5, column 72, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...traffic rules compared to Balmer Island and citizens might be more disciplined i...
^^
Line 7, column 17, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
...ions cannot be made. In summary, the authors argument is not entirely invalid but m...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 61, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ors argument is not entirely invalid but more quantitative data on the number of ...
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, first, firstly, hence, if, may, moreover, second, so, thus, well, while, for instance, in summary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 31.0 19.6327345309 158% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 18.0 12.9520958084 139% => OK
Conjunction : 12.0 11.1786427146 107% => OK
Relative clauses : 18.0 13.6137724551 132% => OK
Pronoun: 33.0 28.8173652695 115% => OK
Preposition: 66.0 55.5748502994 119% => OK
Nominalization: 17.0 16.3942115768 104% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2549.0 2260.96107784 113% => OK
No of words: 507.0 441.139720559 115% => OK
Chars per words: 5.02761341223 5.12650576532 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.74517233601 4.56307096286 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.7065557055 2.78398813304 97% => OK
Unique words: 250.0 204.123752495 122% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.493096646943 0.468620217663 105% => OK
syllable_count: 807.3 705.55239521 114% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 9.0 4.96107784431 181% => OK
Interrogative: 0.0 0.471057884232 0% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.76447105788 91% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 2.70958083832 37% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.22255489022 47% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 23.0 19.7664670659 116% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 22.8473053892 96% => OK
Sentence length SD: 59.6364537532 57.8364921388 103% => OK
Chars per sentence: 110.826086957 119.503703932 93% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.0434782609 23.324526521 95% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.13043478261 5.70786347227 90% => OK
Paragraphs: 6.0 5.15768463074 116% => OK
Language errors: 8.0 5.25449101796 152% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 8.20758483034 85% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 10.0 6.88822355289 145% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.240814754292 0.218282227539 110% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0672205107678 0.0743258471296 90% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.05696145464 0.0701772020484 81% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.132296198363 0.128457276422 103% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0300561337912 0.0628817314937 48% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.3 14.3799401198 92% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 49.15 48.3550499002 102% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 12.197005988 98% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.89 12.5979740519 94% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.75 8.32208582834 105% => OK
difficult_words: 129.0 98.500998004 131% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 12.3882235529 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 11.1389221557 97% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6 -- The score is based on the average performance of 20,000 argument essays. This e-grader is not smart enough to check on arguments.
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.