The following appeared in a memo from the director of a large group of hospitals.
"In a laboratory study of liquid antibacterial hand soaps, a concentrated solution of UltraClean produced a 40 percent greater reduction in the bacteria population than did the liquid hand soaps currently used in our hospitals. During a subsequent test of UltraClean at our hospital in Workby, that hospital reported significantly fewer cases of patient infection than did any of the other hospitals in our group. Therefore, to prevent serious patient infections, we should supply UltraClean at all hand-washing stations throughout our hospital system."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The director believes that Ultra clean solution used in their hospital should be introduced in all other hand-washing stations throughout hospital system. The reason for rendering to this conclusion is because of the reduction of 40 percent of the bacteria compared to hand soaps. He believes that usgae of the ultra clean solution as the reason and hopes to prevent the serious patient infections. While the intention of the director is kind and hopeful his claim is based on series of unwarranted assumptions and he has to address few questions before stating the flawed conclusion.
Firstly,director of the hospital must be aware of the healthy bacteria present on the human and their presence does more good than harm. He has to answer what type of bacteria reduction is observed. There is a possibility that healthy bacteria might have reduced with the same percentage of harmful bacteria. If the bacteria present is infectious or not?Considering this will provide insightful solution because the solution that merely kills the healthy bacteria and proposing this to all hospitals shall not favor his purpose.
Secondly,does the solution proposed works on every one of the patients? Some patients might be infected with the organisms that are resistant to the solution and there is a possibility that some patients are sensitive to the solution and using the solution shall further increase the suffering. A survey proposing that the solution favors everyone and the dosage that has to be used should also be presented because if 2 ml of liquid hand wash can suffice killing 100 bacteria while 20 ml of ultra-clean is required to kill same percentage of bacteria, simply proposing that ultra-clean is best for usage is groundless.Because there is a possibility that ultra clean solution is costly and liquid hand wash is cheap.
Further, the main conclusion is based on the test done, first of all, does the test consider the patients of the same infected disease? A patient infected with small pox has different organisms than the patient infected with jaundice. A hospital might have patients infected with different diseases.A clear report showing that the patients tested for the solution are with same infection and the dosage required for different patients should help substantiate his claim.
In conclusion, the director needs a number of factors before proposing a product to the hospital. A clear report showing that it works for every infected individual and the possibility for negative effects and the dosage and cost of the solution should be presented. Else the argument of the director is completely flawed and shall not produce the desired outcome.
Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 2.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 17 15
No. of Words: 437 350
No. of Characters: 2208 1500
No. of Different Words: 188 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.572 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.053 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.632 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 170 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 143 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 107 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 46 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 25.706 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 14.141 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.412 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.352 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.592 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.13 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 200, Rule ID: REASON_IS_BECAUSE[1]
Message: Probably an incorrect phrase. Use 'the reason 'is that''.
Suggestion: is that
...reason for rendering to this conclusion is because of the reduction of 40 percent of the b...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 8, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , director
...stating the flawed conclusion. Firstly,director of the hospital must be aware of the he...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 116, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ent on the human and their presence does more good than harm. He has to answer wh...
^^
Line 3, column 356, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: Considering
...e bacteria present is infectious or not?Considering this will provide insightful solution b...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 9, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , does
... shall not favor his purpose. Secondly,does the solution proposed works on every on...
^^^^^
Line 5, column 620, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: Because
...a-clean is best for usage is groundless.Because there is a possibility that ultra clean...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 300, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: A
...tients infected with different diseases.A clear report showing that the patients ...
^
Line 7, column 300, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...tients infected with different diseases.A clear report showing that the patients ...
^
Line 11, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...hall not produce the desired outcome.
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, first, firstly, if, second, secondly, so, while, as to, in conclusion, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 24.0 19.6327345309 122% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 12.9520958084 100% => OK
Conjunction : 15.0 11.1786427146 134% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 13.6137724551 88% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 28.8173652695 83% => OK
Preposition: 47.0 55.5748502994 85% => OK
Nominalization: 18.0 16.3942115768 110% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2253.0 2260.96107784 100% => OK
No of words: 432.0 441.139720559 98% => OK
Chars per words: 5.21527777778 5.12650576532 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.55901411391 4.56307096286 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.84311187047 2.78398813304 102% => OK
Unique words: 187.0 204.123752495 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.43287037037 0.468620217663 92% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 696.6 705.55239521 99% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 4.96107784431 40% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 2.70958083832 111% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.22255489022 47% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 19.7664670659 86% => OK
Sentence length: 25.0 22.8473053892 109% => OK
Sentence length SD: 83.260378677 57.8364921388 144% => OK
Chars per sentence: 132.529411765 119.503703932 111% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.4117647059 23.324526521 109% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.23529411765 5.70786347227 92% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 9.0 5.25449101796 171% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 12.0 8.20758483034 146% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 6.88822355289 58% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.67664670659 21% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.146752839949 0.218282227539 67% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0567319140818 0.0743258471296 76% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0437723161013 0.0701772020484 62% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0891607554298 0.128457276422 69% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0428373126128 0.0628817314937 68% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.9 14.3799401198 111% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 46.1 48.3550499002 95% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.0 12.197005988 107% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.29 12.5979740519 105% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.39 8.32208582834 101% => OK
difficult_words: 96.0 98.500998004 97% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 12.3882235529 85% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 11.1389221557 108% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.9071856287 109% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.