The following is a petition to the city council of Centerville:
"Over the past three years, there has been a marked increase in cases of 'sidewalk rage,' similar to the irrational anger drivers experience on the road, but instead among sidewalk walkers. The result is an increase in assaults, property damage, and disruptions of normal pedestrian traffic. In order to address this growing problem, the council must ban cell phone use on sidewalks. Not only do people texting or using their phones slow down pedestrian traffic, but they are also more likely to walk into the road or bump into other walkers. Children are especially vulnerable because they are too short to be easily seen. Middletown passed such a ban and not only have they heard no complaints, but the reported incidents of sidewalk crime has gone down significantly."
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
The writer of the argument claims that council of Centerville must ban use of cell phone on sidewalk, since it led to increase in rage and undesirable consequences, such as assaults and property damage. It is based on the premises that people on sidewalk use phone, which makes their movement slow, which in turn presents an obstacle to other fellow pedestrians. Moreover, the similar restriction in the council of Middletown has cured these problems. The argument seems true at first sight, however, on deeper analysis it becomes clear that certain relevant aspects have not been taken into account, leading to a number of unverified evidences and logical flaws.
First, the argument has assumed that council of Middletown and Centerville are analogous. However, there may be the case that where these councils are not comparable due to differences in their population of walkers and width of road which would make such comparison irrelevant. This can be exemplified by the study conducted by Delhi Traffic Police in 2016 which proved that the rise in road raze in Western Districts of Delhi cannot be comparable to that of Eastern Districts, since roads in Western side are not wide enough to accommodate increase in traffic, whereas the cause of road rage in Eastern side was due to the establishment of certain anti-social element. Therefore, in order to overcome this flaw, the writer should collect evidence from police or transport or road authorities from these two councils and should also demonstrate that these two councils are comparable.
Second, the argument has assumed that only the use of cell phone on sidewalk has caused such problems. However, there may be the case that other factors, such as increase in population due to economic opportunities in Centerville, have caused rise in side walkers on sidewalk which would make the argument highly unreliable. For instance, the study conducted by Mumbai Transport authority in 2010 proved that the cause of slow movement of traffic on roads for the period 2006 to 2010 was not the use of cell phones by drivers, but the migration of people from other parts of India to Mumbai in search of better education, job and health. Thus, in order to make the argument more valid, the writer should compile evidence from the road and transport authority of Centerville about the potential rise in side walkers and should prove that population of walkers had not increased in the last three years.
Third, the argument has assumed that all or maximum walkers have caused this problem. However, there may be the case that only few anti-social people were involved in rage and made whole community stigmatized which would make the argument significantly weak. A good example of this is the case study done by Bangalore Police in 2018 to ascertain the cause of rise in crimes in Bengalore city. The study provided shocking results, since it showed that rise in crimes for last five years were not ascribed to the general tendency of people to resort to criminal activities, but were attributed to the fifteen people, who entered the city and with their local accomplice committed such atrocities. Thus, in order to make the argument more reliable, the writer should compile the evidences from the local city police about the number of people involved in rage and should also assert that all people are resorting to such problems.
After close examination of the argument presented, it is clear that the argument as it stands now is considerably flawed due to its reliance on certain unverified evidences. The recommendations in the above paragraphs show how this argument may be strengthened and made more logically sound in order to evaluate the viability of the proposed measure.
Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 19 15
No. of Words: 618 350
No. of Characters: 3063 1500
No. of Different Words: 257 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.986 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.956 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.601 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 215 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 165 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 119 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 68 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 32.526 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 13.994 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.842 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.344 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.546 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.071 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 121, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...nalogous. However, there may be the case that where these councils are not compar...
^^^
Line 5, column 360, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...onducted by Delhi Traffic Police in 2016 which proved that the rise in road raze ...
^^^
Line 9, column 134, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...problems. However, there may be the case that other factors, such as increase in ...
^^^
Line 9, column 399, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ed by Mumbai Transport authority in 2010 proved that the cause of slow movement o...
^^^
Line 9, column 480, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... of traffic on roads for the period 2006 to 2010 was not the use of cell phones...
^^^
Line 9, column 490, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...c on roads for the period 2006 to 2010 was not the use of cell phones by driver...
^^^
Line 13, column 117, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... problem. However, there may be the case that only few anti-social people were in...
^^^
Line 13, column 296, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...weak. A good example of this is the case study done by Bangalore Police in 2018 ...
^^^
Line 13, column 337, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... study done by Bangalore Police in 2018 to ascertain the cause of rise in crimes...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, if, may, moreover, second, so, then, therefore, third, thus, whereas, for instance, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 21.0 19.6327345309 107% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 16.0 12.9520958084 124% => OK
Conjunction : 18.0 11.1786427146 161% => OK
Relative clauses : 25.0 13.6137724551 184% => OK
Pronoun: 36.0 28.8173652695 125% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 104.0 55.5748502994 187% => OK
Nominalization: 27.0 16.3942115768 165% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 3137.0 2260.96107784 139% => OK
No of words: 618.0 441.139720559 140% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.07605177994 5.12650576532 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.98594081286 4.56307096286 109% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.68404853268 2.78398813304 96% => OK
Unique words: 259.0 204.123752495 127% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.419093851133 0.468620217663 89% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 995.4 705.55239521 141% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 4.96107784431 60% => OK
Article: 13.0 8.76447105788 148% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 2.70958083832 148% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 8.0 4.22255489022 189% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 32.0 22.8473053892 140% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 80.2575149009 57.8364921388 139% => OK
Chars per sentence: 165.105263158 119.503703932 138% => OK
Words per sentence: 32.5263157895 23.324526521 139% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.21052631579 5.70786347227 109% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 9.0 5.25449101796 171% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 8.20758483034 49% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 13.0 6.88822355289 189% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.67664670659 43% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.109568328153 0.218282227539 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0384718780856 0.0743258471296 52% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0276454296082 0.0701772020484 39% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0629164905979 0.128457276422 49% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.036024096234 0.0628817314937 57% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 18.8 14.3799401198 131% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 39.0 48.3550499002 81% => OK
smog_index: 11.2 7.1628742515 156% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 15.8 12.197005988 130% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.78 12.5979740519 101% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.75 8.32208582834 105% => OK
difficult_words: 138.0 98.500998004 140% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 12.3882235529 109% => OK
gunning_fog: 14.8 11.1389221557 133% => OK
text_standard: 19.0 11.9071856287 160% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 30 minutes.
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.