Essay topics: As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.
One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.
A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were used to store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.
A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.
The reading and the lecture are both about finding the exact reason behind the settlements of Chaco canyon in New Mexico. The author of the reading feels that the buildings present in the canyon is used for three purposes. The lecturer challenges the claim made by the author. he is of the opinion that neither of the theories mentioned by the author is convincing.
To begin with, the author argues that the structures present in settlement is purely used for residential purposes. The article mentions that the structures appear similar to modern-day apartments constructed in Taos and so, the buildings in canyon was also used for living. this specific argument is challenged by the lecturer. he claims that though the buildings from outside appear similar to apartments, the inside view tells a different story. Additionally, he says that since there were only few fireplaces to cook food so, it is highly unlikely that the canyon structures were used for living.
Secondly, the writer suggests that the structures is used for food supplying purpose. In the article, it is mentioned that since the maize is a grain which can be stored for longer duration and is impermeable of getting spoiled, the settlements in the canyon must have used them for storing purpose. The lecturer, however rebut this by mentioning that this evidence is inconclusive. he elaborates on this by bringing up the point that when the excavation was performed in that area there were no traces of the maize found and there were no signs of spillage or remains of large containers.
Finally, the author posits that the settlements of canyon utilised the buildings as ceremonial centers. Moreover, in the article it is stated that when the mound found from excavating the area was examined, it contained the remains of broken pots, which must be discarded pots after the guests ate their festive meals. In contrast, the lecturer's position is that the argument for the structures to be used as ceremonial centers is not well supported. he notes that during examining process other things were also revealed like sand, stone and construction tools, which implies that the place might be used as a trash heap and the pots present there might be the pots in which the construction worker ate their meals.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 224, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
... the canyon is used for three purposes. The lecturer challenges the claim made by t...
^^^
Line 1, column 278, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...hallenges the claim made by the author. he is of the opinion that neither of the t...
^^
Line 5, column 15, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...uthor is convincing. To begin with, the author argues that the structures pr...
^^
Line 5, column 277, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
...ngs in canyon was also used for living. this specific argument is challenged by the ...
^^^^
Line 5, column 331, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...argument is challenged by the lecturer. he claims that though the buildings from o...
^^
Line 9, column 384, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...ing that this evidence is inconclusive. he elaborates on this by bringing up the p...
^^
Line 13, column 452, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...remonial centers is not well supported. he notes that during examining process oth...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, however, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, well, in contrast, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 28.0 10.4613686534 268% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 23.0 12.0772626932 190% => OK
Pronoun: 33.0 22.412803532 147% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 45.0 30.3222958057 148% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 5.01324503311 180% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1914.0 1373.03311258 139% => OK
No of words: 381.0 270.72406181 141% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.02362204724 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.41805628031 4.04702891845 109% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.65002453673 2.5805825403 103% => OK
Unique words: 181.0 145.348785872 125% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.475065616798 0.540411800872 88% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 578.7 419.366225166 138% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 9.0 3.25607064018 276% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 12.0 8.23620309051 146% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 58.9189226511 49.2860985944 120% => OK
Chars per sentence: 112.588235294 110.228320801 102% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.4117647059 21.698381199 103% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.70588235294 7.06452816374 81% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 7.0 4.19205298013 167% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 9.0 4.27373068433 211% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.146689732955 0.272083759551 54% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0501683909547 0.0996497079465 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0433467885101 0.0662205650399 65% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.095549157151 0.162205337803 59% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0238480135662 0.0443174109184 54% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.4 13.3589403974 100% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 57.61 53.8541721854 107% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.13 12.2367328918 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.21 8.42419426049 97% => OK
difficult_words: 84.0 63.6247240618 132% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 10.7273730684 70% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.