Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold,arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable,especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis.
First, the edmontosaur's diet supports the migration hypothesis.Edmontosaurs fed exclusively on plants. Since there would have been no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter, it appears that the edmontosaur must have left for at least part of the year and migrated to more temperate zones to find food.
Second, many edmontosaur skeletons have been unearthed from the same site. This suggests that edmontosaurs lived in herd. Many modern-day migratory animals, such as caribou and buffalo, live and migrate in herds as well. Moving in herds helps animals coordinate their migration.The finding that edmonotsaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis.
Finally, edmonosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances. To reach more hospitable regions, the edmontosaur had to migrate about 1,600 kilometers southward. To make such a journey, the edmontosaur needed to move at about five kilometers per hour for several weeks, which is certainly could do. These animals could run very fast, reaching speeds up to 45 kilometers per hour. It could have easily used its locomotive power to move to warmer climate during the harsh arctic winters.
The article states that a large number of fossils of edmontosaur are discovered in Alaska's North Slope which experiences and extremly cold climate today. Due to the findings and research, edmontosaur migrated to the south slope in the winter to more hospitable regions and provides three hypothesis to support that. However, the professor explains that the arguments provided in the reading are not convincing and refutes each of the author's hypothesis.
First, the reading claims that edmontosaur's diet support the mentioned hypothesis because they eat plants which cannot grow during the cold and dark winter. The professor refutes this point by saying that these dinosaurs did not migrate to find food. She states that North Slope was really warmer in that days and it had twenty four hours sun which is really good condition for plants to grow and in the cold winter, edmontosaur could use the dead plants.
Second, the article avers that edmontosaur lived in herd which means that they migrated. However, the professor asset that living in herd does not mean that these creatures migrated. According to professor there are some animals that live in herd for extra protection. For example, Elk is one of them that lives in a herd but does not migrat.
Third, the reading posits the these dinosuars were physically capable of migration long distances. Thus, it shows that they used to migrate to warmer places in cold winter. The professor opposes this point by explaining that it is true that the adult edmontosaur were capable of migration but the ones which were not adult not only were not physically ready, but also the slowed the herd and so the herd could not reach the destination. Based on the lecture these animals were not able to live on their own and without their herd.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 25, Rule ID: LARGE_NUMBER_OF[1]
Message: Specify a number, remove phrase, or simply use 'many' or 'numerous'
Suggestion: many; numerous
The article states that a large number of fossils of edmontosaur are discovered i...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 1, column 289, Rule ID: CD_NN[1]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun 'hypothesis' seems to be countable, so consider using: 'hypotheses', 'hypothesises'.
Suggestion: hypotheses; hypothesises
...e hospitable regions and provides three hypothesis to support that. However, the professor...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 1, column 435, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
... not convincing and refutes each of the authors hypothesis. First, the reading claim...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 322, Rule ID: EN_COMPOUNDS
Message: This word is normally spelled with hyphen.
Suggestion: twenty-four
...s really warmer in that days and it had twenty four hours sun which is really good conditio...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Discourse Markers used:
['also', 'but', 'first', 'however', 'really', 'second', 'so', 'third', 'thus', 'for example', 'it is true']
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance in Part of Speech:
Nouns: 0.236196319018 0.261695866417 90% => OK
Verbs: 0.180981595092 0.158904122519 114% => OK
Adjectives: 0.0644171779141 0.0723426182421 89% => OK
Adverbs: 0.0705521472393 0.0435111971325 162% => OK
Pronouns: 0.0306748466258 0.0277247811725 111% => OK
Prepositions: 0.113496932515 0.128828473217 88% => OK
Participles: 0.0337423312883 0.0370669169778 91% => OK
Conjunctions: 2.43615624112 2.5805825403 94% => OK
Infinitives: 0.0306748466258 0.0208969081088 147% => OK
Particles: 0.0 0.00154638098197 0% => OK
Determiners: 0.116564417178 0.128158765124 91% => OK
Modal_auxiliary: 0.00920245398773 0.0158828679856 58% => OK
WH_determiners: 0.0245398773006 0.0114777025283 214% => OK
Vocabulary words and sentences:
No of characters: 1792.0 1645.83664459 109% => OK
No of words: 301.0 271.125827815 111% => OK
Chars per words: 5.95348837209 6.08160592843 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.16525528304 4.04852973271 103% => OK
words length more than 5 chars: 0.325581395349 0.374372842146 87% => OK
words length more than 6 chars: 0.249169435216 0.287516216867 87% => OK
words length more than 7 chars: 0.14950166113 0.187439937562 80% => OK
words length more than 8 chars: 0.119601328904 0.113142543107 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.43615624112 2.5805825403 94% => OK
Unique words: 152.0 145.348785872 105% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.504983388704 0.539623497131 94% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
Word variations: 50.4720514409 53.8517498576 94% => OK
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0529801325 107% => OK
Sentence length: 21.5 21.7502111507 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 53.8645315129 49.3711431718 109% => OK
Chars per sentence: 128.0 132.220823453 97% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.5 21.7502111507 99% => OK
Discourse Markers: 0.785714285714 0.878197800319 89% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 3.39072847682 118% => OK
Readability: 46.4169435216 50.5018328374 92% => OK
Elegance: 1.35869565217 1.90840788429 71% => OK
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.288075108217 0.549887131256 52% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence: 0.121661837336 0.142949733639 85% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence SD: 0.0754946806919 0.0787303798458 96% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence: 0.606166240789 0.631733273073 96% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence SD: 0.145503265456 0.139662658121 104% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.133607740631 0.266732575781 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0778822800176 0.103435571967 75% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence: 0.383123312545 0.414875509568 92% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence SD: 0.0894770124424 0.0530846634433 169% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.206346514184 0.40443939384 51% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0584532424148 0.0528353158467 111% => OK
Task Achievement:
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.26048565121 117% => OK
Positive topic words: 7.0 3.49668874172 200% => OK
Negative topic words: 2.0 3.62251655629 55% => OK
Neutral topic words: 5.0 3.1766004415 157% => OK
Total topic words: 14.0 10.2958057395 136% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
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Rates: 86.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 26.0 Out of 30
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Note: This is not the final score. The e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.