1. The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.
"A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied, those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The author advises that any business firm seeking the prosper should hire the employees with less than 6 hours of sleep per night. This is the advice which cannot be accepted as it stands; indeed, all the rearing assumptions for this conclusion are skeptical and require further explanation.
The first issue with the prompt is with the current study which is done in Mentain advertising executives; indeed, there is no data about the type of implemented study to verify the accuracy of the finding. For instance, if the study is observation base, there should be exact value about the duration of observation, observed situation, or considered case studies; or if the study is questioner based, there should be a copy of the askes question and methods of evaluation of data. In the questioner base study, there is the feasibility of misunderstanding of the question, or the case studies do not response the question frankly. Furthermore, even if the conducted study was based on the well-organized method and there is no doubt about the concluded data, the giving weigh to the amount of sleep as the sole reason of the success of this firm is also unbelievable. Since there the type of success and effects of other factors on that specified success are overlooked. Therefore, this study and its conducted result are not logical to overgeneralized its finding to whole firms.
The second problem is with the second mentioned studies over the advertisement firms, in which all the employees with fewer than six hours sleep a day are the good candidate for flourishment and profit of the company. In fact, there is no exact data about the population of the considered case studies, since from the scientific perspective the accuracy and logicality of research increases as the number of considered samples are higher and indicator of all population. Maybe, these studies only highlighted the people who can withstand the short resting duration, and this category is the only one-third of all population. Or these studies only considered the younger generation who are energic and are profitable for the company; however, the real cases cover both youth and elder people with the same proportion. Consequently, this finding is not a general benchmark of the entire population and is not valid and logic until there will be exact data about the considered case studies and their similarities to the real population.
Finally, the writer overgeneralized the findings from various advertisement firms to whole business firms. Maybe this policy is effective for the advertisement agents and their working forces; however, it will not responsible for other business too. As long as, there is a difference between the occupations and their required criteria from the employees, one succeed method in one field cannot be effective for others. For example, the pharmacy stores which requires force for its the night-shifts, an employee who is the night owl is suitable for this position and even the 6 hours sleep is more than the required standard for this affair.
To wrap it up, all the aforementioned clues about the considered assumptions explicitly depict the shakiness of those assumptions. This advice can be verified if the author addresses the suspicious over the conducted study in Mentian advertising executives, and the similarity of other studies with the public population. Furthermore, this study requires to verify that the feat in the advertainment agencies will lead the same outcomes on the other businesses.
Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.0 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 20 15
No. of Words: 571 350
No. of Characters: 2890 1500
No. of Different Words: 243 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.888 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.061 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.842 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 193 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 155 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 111 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 81 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 28.55 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.097 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.7 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.298 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.534 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.063 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 51, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
... advises that any business firm seeking the prosper should hire the employees with less tha...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 681, Rule ID: WHO_NOUN[1]
Message: A noun should not follow "who". Try changing to a verb or maybe to 'who is a are'.
Suggestion: who is a are
... only considered the younger generation who are energic and are profitable for the comp...
^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 478, Rule ID: IT_IS[17]
Message: Did you mean 'it's' (='it is') instead of 'its' (possessive pronoun)?
Suggestion: it's; it is
...harmacy stores which requires force for its the night-shifts, an employee who is th...
^^^
Line 5, column 355, Rule ID: ALLOW_TO[1]
Message: Did you mean 'verifying'? Or maybe you should add a pronoun? In active voice, 'require' + 'to' takes an object, usually a pronoun.
Suggestion: verifying
...ation. Furthermore, this study requires to verify that the feat in the advertainment agen...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 462, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... same outcomes on the other businesses.
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, consequently, finally, first, frankly, furthermore, however, if, look, may, second, so, therefore, third, well, for example, for instance, in fact, no doubt
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 33.0 19.6327345309 168% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 12.9520958084 77% => OK
Conjunction : 22.0 11.1786427146 197% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 13.6137724551 73% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 26.0 28.8173652695 90% => OK
Preposition: 64.0 55.5748502994 115% => OK
Nominalization: 26.0 16.3942115768 159% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2955.0 2260.96107784 131% => OK
No of words: 571.0 441.139720559 129% => OK
Chars per words: 5.17513134851 5.12650576532 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.88831323574 4.56307096286 107% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.9343182969 2.78398813304 105% => OK
Unique words: 256.0 204.123752495 125% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.448336252189 0.468620217663 96% => OK
syllable_count: 934.2 705.55239521 132% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 4.96107784431 141% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.76447105788 91% => OK
Subordination: 5.0 2.70958083832 185% => OK
Conjunction: 6.0 1.67365269461 358% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 6.0 4.22255489022 142% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 20.0 19.7664670659 101% => OK
Sentence length: 28.0 22.8473053892 123% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 49.5157550685 57.8364921388 86% => OK
Chars per sentence: 147.75 119.503703932 124% => OK
Words per sentence: 28.55 23.324526521 122% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.1 5.70786347227 142% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 5.25449101796 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 8.20758483034 85% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 6.88822355289 87% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.67664670659 150% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.114848770429 0.218282227539 53% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0380048618812 0.0743258471296 51% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.031405132709 0.0701772020484 45% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0697813416954 0.128457276422 54% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.012525739716 0.0628817314937 20% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 17.2 14.3799401198 120% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 43.06 48.3550499002 89% => OK
smog_index: 11.2 7.1628742515 156% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 14.2 12.197005988 116% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.06 12.5979740519 104% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.9 8.32208582834 107% => OK
difficult_words: 140.0 98.500998004 142% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.5 12.3882235529 117% => OK
gunning_fog: 13.2 11.1389221557 119% => OK
text_standard: 15.0 11.9071856287 126% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.