In the given set of material, the author presents the theories that suggest that Pterosaurs were large size ancient cold blooded reptiles that were not capable of powered flight. However, the speaker in the following material cast doubts on those points by providing the evidences and justifications.
First, the reading states that the powered flight needed a lot of energy and as the Pterosaurs were cold blooded reptiles they had slow metabolism that did not produce sufficient amount of energy. The lecturer refutes this point and tells that the Pterosaurs had protective thick fur like covering that made them warm blooded and allowed to produce energy required to fly faster than as mentioned in the passage.
Second, the author says that they had large and heavy body which was an obstacle in their way of flapping wings fast enough to stay aloft for long. The professor rebuts this statement and argues that the anatomical feature of Pterosaurs was designed to fly as their bones were hollow and so they were light in weight indeed.
Third, the reading tells that the back legs of Pterosaurs were weak and were not capable to launch them in air by jumping or by running to gain speed like birds. Conversely, the speaker opposes this point as well and explains that there is huge difference between birds and Pterosaurs. Birds only use hind legs and have two limbs to keep them off from the ground. On the other hand, the Pterosaurs used all four limbs to run fast or to jump in order to launch themselves into the air. Hence, the speaker contradicts all theories mentioned in the reading passage and proves his point that pterosaurs were capable of flying.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 339, Rule ID: ALLOW_TO[2]
Message: Did you mean 'producing'? Or maybe you should add a pronoun? In active voice, 'allow' + 'to' takes an object, usually a pronoun.
Suggestion: producing
...that made them warm blooded and allowed to produce energy required to fly faster than as m...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 302, Rule ID: ADJECTIVE_IN_ATTRIBUTE[1]
Message: A more concise phrase may lose no meaning and sound more powerful.
Suggestion: light
...heir bones were hollow and so they were light in weight indeed. Third, the reading tells ...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 6, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... so they were light in weight indeed. Third, the reading tells that the back l...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, conversely, first, hence, however, if, second, so, third, well, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 5.04856512141 0% => OK
Conjunction : 14.0 7.30242825607 192% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 26.0 22.412803532 116% => OK
Preposition: 37.0 30.3222958057 122% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalization wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1393.0 1373.03311258 101% => OK
No of words: 285.0 270.72406181 105% => OK
Chars per words: 4.88771929825 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.10876417139 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.38115097444 2.5805825403 92% => OK
Unique words: 157.0 145.348785872 108% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.550877192982 0.540411800872 102% => OK
syllable_count: 410.4 419.366225166 98% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Interrogative: 0.0 0.116997792494 0% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => OK
Sentence length: 25.0 21.2450331126 118% => OK
Sentence length SD: 38.0178296579 49.2860985944 77% => OK
Chars per sentence: 126.636363636 110.228320801 115% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.9090909091 21.698381199 119% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.81818181818 7.06452816374 111% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.27373068433 23% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.471560571438 0.272083759551 173% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.160766056346 0.0996497079465 161% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0957390582008 0.0662205650399 145% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.25767631336 0.162205337803 159% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0148292397793 0.0443174109184 33% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.6 13.3589403974 109% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 63.02 53.8541721854 117% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.38 12.2367328918 93% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.87 8.42419426049 93% => OK
difficult_words: 54.0 63.6247240618 85% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 10.7273730684 126% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 10.498013245 114% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
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Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.