Arctic deer live on islands in Canada's arctic regions. They search for food by moving over ice from island to island during the course of the year. Their habitat is limited to areas warm enough to sustain the plants on which they feed and cold enough, at least some of the year, for the ice to cover the sea separating the islands, allowing the deer to travel over it. Unfortunately, according to reports from local hunters, the deer populations are declining. Since these reports coincide with recent global warming trends that have caused the sea ice to melt, we can conclude that the purported decline in deer populations is the result of the deer's being unable to follow their age-old migration patterns across the frozen sea.
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
In the above argument, the author imputes global warming for the declining deer populations. The author draws his conclusion from the coincidence of the global warming trend with the reports from local hunters. However, before evaluating the author’s argument three unstated arguments need to be answered.
Firstly, the author supports his argument on the basis of reports from the local hunters without providing legitimate evidence about the report. The author is unable to not provide any scrutinized evidence to the readers about the legitimacy of the report. The reader may ask questions about the sample size of the reports, in other words, how many hunters reported the decline of deer populations. Even if this is not the case, there is a possibility that they have not seen any deers over the recent few months and they concluded that the deers' population is declining. That does not mean the deer population is declining. Perhaps, deers have been avoiding those areas, where the hunters hunt. Supporting data only on the basis of some unreliable reports may not be a good idea to draw a conclusion. If, any one of the above scenarios is true, then, the author’s argument holds no water.
Secondly, the author correlates two completely different phenomena to draw conclusions. Global warming and reports from hinters are two disjoint entities. Two different events happening at the same time can not be used to justify something. Maybe the declining deer population has no relation to global warming. Even if, that is not the case, stating global warming is the only reason for the declining deer population is somehow factitious. There is a possibility that even if global warming caused ice to melt, the deers may have another source of food. Perhaps unrestricted hunting may be the main cause of the decline of the population. The author uses two completely different phenomena even though, they are occurring simultaneously, but that does not mean that they are correlated. If any one of the above scenarios is true, then, the author's conclusion is built unreliably.
Thirdly, the author concludes that global warming is the only reason for the declining population of deers without any necessitate evidence. Maybe there are several reasons behind the decline. The author provides no scientific reports to support his argument. Maybe emancipate hunting in those areas is the main cause of the decline. Even if this is not the case, then the deer may have other food sources. Maybe at the time of below-average temparature, the deers do not follow their age-old migration patterns, there is a possibility that they recently find new patterns. If, the author provides some statistical data to support his argument, then, the author’s statement may have sounded more reliable. Otherwise, the author’s prediction is seriously unwarranted.
In the conclusion, the argument as it stands now is considerably flawed due to its reliance on several unwarranted assumptions. If the author is able to answer the three questions above and offer more evidence(perhaps in the form of a systematic research study), then it will be possible to fully evaluate the viability of the proposed recommendation that because of the global warming the ice melts and deers are unable to find their old-age migration route.
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 5 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 12 2
No. of Sentences: 30 15
No. of Words: 537 350
No. of Characters: 2708 1500
No. of Different Words: 220 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.814 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.043 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.705 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 195 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 157 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 108 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 73 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 17.9 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.137 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.533 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.313 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.423 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.082 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 4 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 82, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... that Adams Realty is superior to Flinch Realty in order to sell homes on the bas...
^^
Line 1, column 217, Rule ID: PAST_EXPERIENCE_MEMORY[1]
Message: Use simply 'experiences'.
Suggestion: experiences
...r provides evidence on the basis of his past experiences of selling houses under the two leading...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 528, Rule ID: BEEN_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Consider using a past participle here: 'depended'.
Suggestion: depended
... that how fast one house can be sold is depend on the number of employees. Perhaps if ...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 298, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'frequencies'' or 'frequency's'?
Suggestion: frequencies'; frequency's
...ky situation without proper statistical frequencies given. Maybe the Fitch Realty sold 100 ...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 82, Rule ID: PAST_EXPERIENCE_MEMORY[1]
Message: Use simply 'experiences'.
Suggestion: experiences
...wed because of using circumstances from past experiences to generalise and predict the future. 1...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 8, column 398, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... Adams Realty will be more suitable than Fitch Realty for selling a house in the ...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, firstly, however, if, may, second, secondly, so, then, third, thirdly, as to, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 26.0 19.6327345309 132% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 12.9520958084 62% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 11.1786427146 81% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 13.6137724551 73% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 21.0 28.8173652695 73% => OK
Preposition: 80.0 55.5748502994 144% => OK
Nominalization: 18.0 16.3942115768 110% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 3213.0 2260.96107784 142% => OK
No of words: 614.0 441.139720559 139% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.2328990228 5.12650576532 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.977853291 4.56307096286 109% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.90509419867 2.78398813304 104% => OK
Unique words: 260.0 204.123752495 127% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.42345276873 0.468620217663 90% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 1004.4 705.55239521 142% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 4.96107784431 60% => OK
Article: 17.0 8.76447105788 194% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 2.70958083832 148% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 4.22255489022 142% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 29.0 19.7664670659 147% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 22.8473053892 92% => OK
Sentence length SD: 62.3707414865 57.8364921388 108% => OK
Chars per sentence: 110.793103448 119.503703932 93% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.1724137931 23.324526521 91% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.68965517241 5.70786347227 65% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 5.25449101796 114% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 10.0 8.20758483034 122% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 6.88822355289 87% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 13.0 4.67664670659 278% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.239811389754 0.218282227539 110% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0626693868552 0.0743258471296 84% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0773638514677 0.0701772020484 110% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.159964259811 0.128457276422 125% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.084093811232 0.0628817314937 134% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.8 14.3799401198 96% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 50.16 48.3550499002 104% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 12.197005988 94% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.05 12.5979740519 104% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.1 8.32208582834 97% => OK
difficult_words: 133.0 98.500998004 135% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 12.3882235529 109% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 11.1389221557 93% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.9071856287 118% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 30 minutes.
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.