"In an attempt to improve highway safety, Prunty County last year lowered its speed limit from 55 to 45 miles per hour on all county highways. But this effort has failed: the number of accidents has not decreased, and, based on reports by the highway patrol, many drivers are exceeding the speed limit. Prunty County should instead undertake the same kind of road improvement project that Butler County completed five years ago: increasing lane widths, resurfacing rough highways, and improving visibility at dangerous intersections. Today, major Butler County roads still have a 55 mph speed limit, yet there were 25 percent fewer reported accidents in Butler County this past year than there were five years ago."
The following argument states that even though Prunty County has reduced the speed limits from 55 to 45 miles per hour on all county highways last year, the number of accidents have not decreased. Also according to the reports by the highway patrol, many drivers are exceeding their speed limits. The arguer suggests to implement similar changes implements 5 years ago in Butler county which includes increasing lane widths, resurfacing rough highways, and improving visibility at dangerous intersections. It is stated that these changes in Butler County have reduced accidents by 25 percent. While at first sight, this argument seems quite convincing, after critical analysis, it becomes hard to get convinced since it lags several crucial points.
The argument in its first statement suggests that the speed limit has been decreased from 55 to 45 miles per hour on all the highways, and later suggests that the rate of accidents has not decreased. The argument critically lags a point stating that the accidents are measured from which roads? What if the internal minimal roads are the major reasons for the accidents? Since there is mention of speed limit change on the internal roads, we can assume that the measured data for road accidents remains unaffected. Hence it may decrease if the same speed limit rules are applied to all the roads of Prunty County without implementing changes in Butler County.
The reports by the highway patrol suggest that any drivers are exceeding their speed limits. Hence, apart from the modifications made by the Butler County, changes in the strictness of the speed limit rule may force people to follow the rule strictly and hence it is possible that it can result in reduced accidents. There has also been a case that these rules have been made stricter along with the improvement in roads of Butler County 5 years ago. Thus the people there, till today might have been already trained to drive adequately. This can be the reason for the decrease in accidents in Butler County and not the other factors like broadening the road etc.
The arguer hasn't also taken into consideration both the location and the population of both the Counties. What if there has been migration of significant population from Bulter County to some other place within a long span of 5 years, and hence there are no crowded routes which has led to reduced accidents and not the developments of the roughness of the roads. There can also be a case that Prunty County is situated in some hilly area and hence it might not be feasible to widen the roads, but instead following the reduced speed limit may prove more efficient.
In addition, there can also be differences in the skills of the drivers of both the counties. It might be a case that within these years, the driver training procedures have been made more efficient in Butler County and hence, in contrast, the reason for decreased accidents. Hence, this can be implementable measures in Prunty Count apart from the other modification implemented in Butler County on roads. Considering the above counterarguments, we may conclude that implementing similar developments like that in Butler County might not be suitable for Prunty County. Instead giving more time may prove that the reduced speed limit has proven to be an effective measure.
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.0 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 6 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 5 2
No. of Sentences: 23 15
No. of Words: 555 350
No. of Characters: 2716 1500
No. of Different Words: 228 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.854 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.894 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.514 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 186 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 128 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 90 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 57 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 24.13 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 8.951 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.696 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.333 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.51 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.103 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 198, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Also,
...number of accidents have not decreased. Also according to the reports by the highway...
^^^^
Line 1, column 309, Rule ID: ADMIT_ENJOY_VB[1]
Message: This verb is used with the gerund form: 'suggests implementing'.
Suggestion: suggests implementing
...xceeding their speed limits. The arguer suggests to implement similar changes implements 5 years ago ...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 516, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Hence,
... for road accidents remains unaffected. Hence it may decrease if the same speed limit...
^^^^^
Line 5, column 452, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Thus,
... in roads of Butler County 5 years ago. Thus the people there, till today might have...
^^^^
Line 7, column 12, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: hasn't
... broadening the road etc. The arguer hasnt also taken into consideration both the ...
^^^^^
Line 9, column 572, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Instead,
...ght not be suitable for Prunty County. Instead giving more time may prove that the red...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, hence, if, may, so, thus, while, apart from, in addition, in contrast
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 24.0 19.6327345309 122% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 15.0 12.9520958084 116% => OK
Conjunction : 10.0 11.1786427146 89% => OK
Relative clauses : 17.0 13.6137724551 125% => OK
Pronoun: 33.0 28.8173652695 115% => OK
Preposition: 71.0 55.5748502994 128% => OK
Nominalization: 15.0 16.3942115768 91% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2774.0 2260.96107784 123% => OK
No of words: 554.0 441.139720559 126% => OK
Chars per words: 5.00722021661 5.12650576532 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.85151570047 4.56307096286 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.58911219057 2.78398813304 93% => OK
Unique words: 232.0 204.123752495 114% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.418772563177 0.468620217663 89% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 848.7 705.55239521 120% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 4.96107784431 161% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 2.70958083832 148% => OK
Conjunction: 4.0 1.67365269461 239% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 7.0 4.22255489022 166% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 23.0 19.7664670659 116% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 22.8473053892 105% => OK
Sentence length SD: 50.7157466328 57.8364921388 88% => OK
Chars per sentence: 120.608695652 119.503703932 101% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.0869565217 23.324526521 103% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.78260869565 5.70786347227 66% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 5.25449101796 114% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 11.0 6.88822355289 160% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.306346021376 0.218282227539 140% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0962740799968 0.0743258471296 130% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.101425930952 0.0701772020484 145% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.184668918548 0.128457276422 144% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0926687621574 0.0628817314937 147% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.2 14.3799401198 99% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 48.3550499002 115% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 12.197005988 94% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.07 12.5979740519 96% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.99 8.32208582834 96% => OK
difficult_words: 111.0 98.500998004 113% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 12.3882235529 85% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 11.1389221557 104% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.