Humans have long been fascinated by elephants, the largest land animal in the modern world. Social animals that live in herds, elephants are native to both Africa and Asia. Their large ears, long trunk, and long life span have made elephants one of the most captivating creatures on Earth. Our long-standing interest in elephants has led to several beliefs about surprising elephant behaviors.
Elephants Are Aware of Approaching Death
One of the popular beliefs is that when elephants become old and weak, they know that they are nearing the end of their lives. They demonstrate this by breaking away from their herds and going off alone to certain locations often found near bodies of water - so-called "elephant graveyards" - to die alone. The idea that old elephants seem aware that they will die soon is supported by the discovery of many sites containing bones exclusively of elderly elephants.
Representing Objects through Art
Additionally, elephants seem to have artistic ability. Elephants can be taught to hold a paintbrush in their trunk and use it to paint on a canvas. Some elephants have been known to paint drawings that represent recognizable things: flowers, other elephants, even themselves. This talent makes elephants the only animal other than humans to produce art representing the world around them.
Fear of Mice
Finally, it has long been believed that elephants have a fear of mice. In 77 C.E., the Roman philosopher and scientist Pliny the Elder wrote that elephants are more afraid of mice, small mammals that can do elephants no harm, than of the much more dangerous animals with which elephants normally share an environment, such as lions or tigers. In a recent scientific experiment in which a herd of elephants was confronted with several mice, the elephants backed away from the mice and left the area to avoid them.
The reading and the lecture both discuss Elephant behaviors. In the reading part, the author mentions that what happens to them while they leave their herd. On the other hand, the speaker rejects all the claims and cats doubt upon them.
First, the written text claims that when elephants become old, they leave the herds and prefer to be near water. In addition, they breaking away from herds and going off alone to specific locations. In contrast, the orator opposes, saying that when elephants are just away from their herds, they are not going to die soon. Therefore, their teeth become down and they look for a softer vegetarian which could be found out near water.
Second, from the author's point of view, elephants have the ability of artistic actions and can be trained by people. The monologue rebates this claiming that there is no need to train for these huge animals and by touching their ears they could be trained because they are so sensitive.
Lastly, the author claims that elephants have a sense of fear of mice. Conversely, the audio lesson challenges the fearful reaction to mice are natural because mice are unfamiliar to them. For example, when they are in the zoo and see mice they won't consider it as a threat.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
conversely, first, if, lastly, look, second, so, therefore, while, for example, in addition, in contrast, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 27.0 30.3222958057 89% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1029.0 1373.03311258 75% => OK
No of words: 215.0 270.72406181 79% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.78604651163 5.08290768461 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.82921379641 4.04702891845 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.17635655463 2.5805825403 84% => OK
Unique words: 127.0 145.348785872 87% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.590697674419 0.540411800872 109% => OK
syllable_count: 302.4 419.366225166 72% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 28.0515398666 49.2860985944 57% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 85.75 110.228320801 78% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.9166666667 21.698381199 83% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.25 7.06452816374 145% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.13303322012 0.272083759551 49% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0575088606677 0.0996497079465 58% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.049982040058 0.0662205650399 75% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0825275431397 0.162205337803 51% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0183345391522 0.0443174109184 41% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.1 13.3589403974 76% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 71.14 53.8541721854 132% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 7.6 11.0289183223 69% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.21 12.2367328918 83% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.64 8.42419426049 91% => OK
difficult_words: 43.0 63.6247240618 68% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 6.0 10.7273730684 56% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.