The Salton Sea in California is actually a salty inland lake. The level of salt in the lake's water—what scientists call its salinity—has been increasing steadily for years because the lake's water is evaporating faster than it is being replaced by rainfall or rivers. If the trend continues, the lake's water will soon become so salty that the lake will be unable to support fish and bird populations. The lake would then become essentially a dead zone. Fortunately, there are several ways to reverse the trend that is threatening the lake's health.
One option is direct removal of salt from the lake's water in special desalination facilities. Water from the lake would be pumped into the facilities and heated. This would cause the water to evaporate into steam, while salt and other materials dissolved in the water would be left behind. The steam would then be cooled down and returned to the lake as salt-free water. Gradually, the high salt levels would be reduced and the lake’s overall health would be restored.
Another possible solution is to dilute the salt level in the lake with water from the ocean. Since water in the Pacific Ocean is 20 percent less salty than water in the lake, bringing ocean water into the lake would decrease the lake’s salinity. The ocean water could be delivered through pipelines or canals.
Yet another solution would be to control the lake's salinity by constructing walls to divide the lake into several sections. In the smaller sections, salinity would be allowed to increase. However, in the main and largest section, salinity would be reduced and controlled by, among other things, directing all the freshwater from small rivers in the area to flow into that main section of the lake.
Word Count: 286
The reading and lecture are both about the methods to reduce the salinity of salty inland lake, which otherwise would become a dead zone. While reading mentions three methods to reduce salinity, the lecturer suggests that these methods are not practical.
First of all, the author points out that direct removal of salt from lake water through the process of evaporation is one solution. The lecturer challenges this point. She says that there are several risks in this procedure.The evaporated residue often contains harmful chemicals such as selenium along with salt. Furthermore, she mentions that these chemicals can reach the people through air they breathe which can cause serious health risk.
Secondly, the author mentions that diluting the salt level in lake with water from ocean is another way to solve the problem. The lecturer finds flaws in this method as well. She rebuts this solution by stating that it requires construction of pipelines and canals which can cost a lot of money, and the local government will not be able to provide necessary support. She elaborates on this by mentioning that as the pacific ocean is about a hundred kilometers away, it may costs a huge amount of money for making canals or pipelines.
Thirdly, the author mentions that dividing the lake into several sections is also a great solution to control salinity. The lecturer, on the other hand, posits that the geographical activities like earthquakes can cause defects to these walls of separation. She puts forth the idea that even though the walls may sustain for a short while, they may eventually collapse due to the impact of earthquakes and cause the water to mix up from smaller sections to main and large sections.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-10-16 | zhrnrz1992 | 81 | view |
| 2019-10-15 | wty980711 | 83 | view |
| 2019-10-10 | azaza | 86 | view |
| 2019-09-19 | Farnam | 73 | view |
| 2019-09-16 | Mamalhastam | 73 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 192, Rule ID: MANY_NN[1]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun risk seems to be countable; consider using: 'several risks'.
Suggestion: several risks
...nge this point. She says that there are several risk in this procedure.The evaporated residu...
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 223, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: The
...here are several risk in this procedure.The evaporated residue often contains harmf...
^^^
Line 3, column 398, Rule ID: BREATHE_BREATH[1]
Message: Did you mean 'breathe'? 'breath' is a noun.
Suggestion: breathe
...s can reach the people through air they breath which can cause serious health risk. ...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 166, Rule ID: ALSO_SENT_END[1]
Message: 'Also' is not used at the end of the sentence. Use 'as well' instead.
Suggestion: as well
... The lecturer find flaws in this method also. She rebuts this solution by stating th...
^^^^
Line 5, column 437, Rule ID: NODT_DOZEN[1]
Message: Use simply: 'a hundred'.
Suggestion: a hundred
...ning that as the pacific ocean is about hundred kilometers away it may cost a huge amou...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 232, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...s like earthquakes can cause defects to this walls of separation. She puts forth the...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, furthermore, if, may, second, secondly, so, third, thirdly, while, such as, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 9.0 5.04856512141 178% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 27.0 22.412803532 120% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 38.0 30.3222958057 125% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 5.01324503311 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1435.0 1373.03311258 105% => OK
No of words: 285.0 270.72406181 105% => OK
Chars per words: 5.0350877193 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.10876417139 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.48644462927 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 166.0 145.348785872 114% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.582456140351 0.540411800872 108% => OK
syllable_count: 440.1 419.366225166 105% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 48.5632631991 49.2860985944 99% => OK
Chars per sentence: 110.384615385 110.228320801 100% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.9230769231 21.698381199 101% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.61538461538 7.06452816374 136% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.137304333758 0.272083759551 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.05004424851 0.0996497079465 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0610020492691 0.0662205650399 92% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0821527146215 0.162205337803 51% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0113179838996 0.0443174109184 26% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.3 13.3589403974 100% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 58.62 53.8541721854 109% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.95 12.2367328918 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.39 8.42419426049 100% => OK
difficult_words: 67.0 63.6247240618 105% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 85.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.5 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.