The lecture refutes the claim being made in the passage which states that the humpback whales migrate long distances by navigating using the stars. The lecture casts serious doubts over the reasoning provided in the passage by giving counter-examples for each of the arguments.
Firstly, the lecture clarifies that there is no relationship between intelligence and ability to navigate using the stars. This reasoning is backed up using the example of ducks. The lecture tells that ducks also use stars for navigation despite the fact that they have an average intelligence. Their ability to locate themselves and move solely depends on their instincts and not on their cognitive ability. Therefore, one can't assume that whales also use navigation since they are intelligent.
Secondly, the lecture posits that straight line navigation is primarily based on some external force or sign that animals can sense and this does not have to be the stars necessarily. In fact. for sharks, it could be the earth's magnetic field that they sense using the biomagnetide present in their brains.
Lastly, the lecture provides the counter example of sharks to refute the relationship between spy hoping and navigation using stars. The lecture informs that sharks also spy-hop but they actually never migrate. Moreover, sharks alos spy-hop during the day when there are no stars. Primarily, this spy-hopping is done by sharks for assistance in hunting. Therefore, one can not relate spy hopping with navigation using stars.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 271, Rule ID: A_UNCOUNTABLE[3]
Message: Uncountable nouns are usually not used with an indefinite article. Use simply 'average intelligence'.
Suggestion: average intelligence
...igation despite the fact that they have an average intelligence. Their ability to locate themselves and...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 425, Rule ID: CANT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'can't' or 'cannot'?
Suggestion: can't; cannot
...their cognitive ability. Therefore, one cant assume that whales also use navigation ...
^^^^
Line 3, column 468, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...t assume that whales also use navigation since they are intelligent. Secondly,...
^^
Line 5, column 194, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: For
...e to be the stars necessarily. In fact. for sharks, it could be the earths magnetic...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, first, firstly, if, lastly, moreover, second, secondly, so, therefore, in fact
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 26.0 30.3222958057 86% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1282.0 1373.03311258 93% => OK
No of words: 240.0 270.72406181 89% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.34166666667 5.08290768461 105% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.93597934253 4.04702891845 97% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.65506591255 2.5805825403 103% => OK
Unique words: 133.0 145.348785872 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.554166666667 0.540411800872 103% => OK
syllable_count: 400.5 419.366225166 96% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 41.5031993412 49.2860985944 84% => OK
Chars per sentence: 91.5714285714 110.228320801 83% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.1428571429 21.698381199 79% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.07142857143 7.06452816374 100% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.327312215377 0.272083759551 120% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.108535644871 0.0996497079465 109% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0676724874376 0.0662205650399 102% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.200364177904 0.162205337803 124% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0350961334662 0.0443174109184 79% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.3 13.3589403974 92% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 45.76 53.8541721854 85% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.4 12.2367328918 110% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.56 8.42419426049 102% => OK
difficult_words: 62.0 63.6247240618 97% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 10.7273730684 79% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 85.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.