Both the lecture and the reading attempt to give an explanation about how humpback whales are able to migrate for long distance for feeding and mating purposes. The lecturer thinks that the explanations given by the reading are not convincing as explained by the followings.
First, the reading suggests that the high degree of brain complexity of these mammals makes them able to use stars to navigate by. The lecturer instead points out that this thesis is not convincing. In fact, he notes that similarly to humpback whales other medium-intelligent animals such as some birds have the same ability to migrate and orientate for long distance. Therefore, he suggests that a particular born instinct is more likely involved in the phenomenon of long-distance migration than an exceptional system of cognitive ability as the lecturer contends.
Second, the reading makes an argument based on the observation about the way they migrate. It explains that just as some birds maintain movement in a straight direction using physical landmarks, so do humpback whale using the star as a reference point for their long-distance migration. In contrast, the lecturer gives another explanation, according to him, thanks to an organ called magnetite, these animals are sensitive to the earth magnetic field, therefore, is this external force that guides the humpback whales’ migration.
Third, the lecturer excludes that the behavior of spy-hopping is used by humpback whales to emerge and look at the night sky for orientation. He rebuts by saying that this behavior has also been observed in sharks, and it is known that sharks do not migrate but they use spy-hopping to identify their preys. In addition, spy-hopping has been observed in humpback whales during the day too, when the stars are not visible. According to these observations, the lecturer contends that the spy-hopping argument made in the reading is pure speculation.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, if, look, second, similarly, so, therefore, third, in addition, in contrast, in fact, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 5.04856512141 0% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 28.0 22.412803532 125% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 36.0 30.3222958057 119% => OK
Nominalization: 17.0 5.01324503311 339% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1633.0 1373.03311258 119% => OK
No of words: 308.0 270.72406181 114% => OK
Chars per words: 5.30194805195 5.08290768461 104% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.18926351222 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.9220111825 2.5805825403 113% => OK
Unique words: 166.0 145.348785872 114% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.538961038961 0.540411800872 100% => OK
syllable_count: 501.3 419.366225166 120% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 21.2450331126 108% => OK
Sentence length SD: 46.8638971072 49.2860985944 95% => OK
Chars per sentence: 125.615384615 110.228320801 114% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.6923076923 21.698381199 109% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.53846153846 7.06452816374 121% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.44080274685 0.272083759551 162% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.154120801528 0.0996497079465 155% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.109730946246 0.0662205650399 166% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.271646391501 0.162205337803 167% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0265222902778 0.0443174109184 60% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.4 13.3589403974 115% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 48.13 53.8541721854 89% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 11.0289183223 112% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.76 12.2367328918 112% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.83 8.42419426049 105% => OK
difficult_words: 79.0 63.6247240618 124% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 10.498013245 107% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.