The author of this letter argues that since the popularity of skateboarding has increased while the number of shoppers in Central Plaza has been decreasing, it must be the popularity of skateboarding that caused the business in Central Plaza to plummet. Thus the author stated that by prohibiting skateboarding in Central Plaza, the business will return to its previously high levels. The argument, however, fails to consider other possible factors that may contribute to the decrease in shoppers and jumps to conclusion without sufficient evidence.
First, although the popularity of skateboarding has surged while the business in Central Plaza has been steadily decreasing, the author has not shown any evidence that there is an causal effect between these two circumstances. They may correlate, but it is not necessary that the popularity of skateboarding has caused the decrease in business. Several factors may influence the business in Central Plaza other than people skateboarding there. For example, the decrease in business may be the consequence of bad economics, in which case other places would have experienced the same decrease in business without people skateboarding there. The decrease in shoppers in Central Plaza may also results from new competitors in nearby area. The author failed to consider these external factors in his or her argument and directly blame skateboarding as the reason why business plummets.
Second, the author points out that there has been a dramatic increase in the amount of litter and vandalism throughout the plaza without investigating what has caused it. The increase in trash and vandalism may dissuade shoppers to shop in Central Plaza, but saying that the increase int the amount of litter and vandalism is casued by the surging popularity of skateboarding need more evidence to support. It is likely that people skateboarding is not a contributing factor in the increase in trash and crime. Here the author stated a possible reason for the decrease in business but failed to examine the cause of if and attributed the increase in the amount of litter and vandalism directly to skateboarding without any evidence that the two relates to each other. The author must provide evidence to prove that his or her assumption that increased popularity of skateboarding and the increase in the amount of trash and crime are actually related to each other.
To sum up, although skateboarding may be the cause of the decrease in business in Central Plaza, several other factors must be considered as well, the author fails to provide sufficient evidence to show that skateboarding is directly relating to the decrease of shoppers in Central Plaza. Unless the author has sufficiently considered the external factors and proved that increase in amount of litter and vandalism is directly caused by skateboarding, the belief that prohibiting skateboarding will help business in Central Plaza return to its previously high levels is based on a weak argument and is more likely than not invalid.
Essay evaluation report
argument 1 -- OK
argument 2 -- OK
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In GRE, need to argue against the conclusion always. For this topic it is:
Thus, we recommend that the city prohibit skateboarding in Central Plaza. If skateboarding is prohibited here, we predict that business in Central Plaza will return to its previously high levels.
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Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 16 15
No. of Words: 485 350
No. of Characters: 2513 1500
No. of Different Words: 167 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.693 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.181 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.907 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 200 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 147 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 113 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 55 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 30.312 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 11.73 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.812 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.461 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.613 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.2 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 4 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 256, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Thus,
...e business in Central Plaza to plummet. Thus the author stated that by prohibiting s...
^^^^
Line 2, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...onclusion without sufficient evidence. First, although the popularity of skateb...
^^^^
Line 3, column 179, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'a' instead of 'an' if the following word doesn't start with a vowel sound, e.g. 'a sentence', 'a university'
Suggestion: a
...as not shown any evidence that there is an causal effect between these two circums...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, first, however, if, may, second, so, thus, well, while, for example, to sum up
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 17.0 19.6327345309 87% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 14.0 12.9520958084 108% => OK
Conjunction : 18.0 11.1786427146 161% => OK
Relative clauses : 16.0 13.6137724551 118% => OK
Pronoun: 29.0 28.8173652695 101% => OK
Preposition: 76.0 55.5748502994 137% => OK
Nominalization: 12.0 16.3942115768 73% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2561.0 2260.96107784 113% => OK
No of words: 485.0 441.139720559 110% => OK
Chars per words: 5.28041237113 5.12650576532 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.69283662038 4.56307096286 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.9482834642 2.78398813304 106% => OK
Unique words: 172.0 204.123752495 84% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.354639175258 0.468620217663 76% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 805.5 705.55239521 114% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 4.96107784431 60% => OK
Article: 12.0 8.76447105788 137% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 2.70958083832 111% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.22255489022 47% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 19.7664670659 81% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 30.0 22.8473053892 131% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 71.3536253021 57.8364921388 123% => OK
Chars per sentence: 160.0625 119.503703932 134% => OK
Words per sentence: 30.3125 23.324526521 130% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.1875 5.70786347227 108% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 5.15768463074 78% => More paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 3.0 5.25449101796 57% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 6.88822355289 102% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.333614271283 0.218282227539 153% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.14705059247 0.0743258471296 198% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.105152071655 0.0701772020484 150% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.260143865108 0.128457276422 203% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0675074140094 0.0628817314937 107% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 18.6 14.3799401198 129% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 32.57 48.3550499002 67% => OK
smog_index: 11.2 7.1628742515 156% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 16.2 12.197005988 133% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.94 12.5979740519 111% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.79 8.32208582834 94% => OK
difficult_words: 82.0 98.500998004 83% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 14.5 12.3882235529 117% => OK
gunning_fog: 14.0 11.1389221557 126% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.9071856287 118% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.