An airship is a type of aircraft that flies using a very large balloon filled with a Iighter-than-air gas. Airships were an important means of air transportation before the 1940s but are little used today, having been largely replaced by airplanes and helicopters. However, some aeronautical engineers believe that airships could become popular again because they offer a number of advantages over airplanes and helicopters.
One advantage of airships is that for vertical lift (the force that keeps the ship airborne), they use a balloon that floats rather than an engine. Airplanes and helicopters use engines for both vertical lift and horizontal movement, but airships use engines solely for horizontal movement. So, airships use less fuel than a typical aircraft-thus making their fuel costs more economical.
Another advantage of airships is that they can be used in hard-to-reach locations. Unlike airplanes, airships do not require a long runway for takeoff and landing because of their ability to lift off and land vertically. The only other aircraft capable of ascending into the sky by going straight up and descending straight down to the ground is the helicopter, which can carry only a small amount of weight. Airships, meanwhile, are able to carry very heavy loads. As a result, airships could do jobs that neither airplanes nor helicopters can do, such as carrying heavy logs from forests to distribution centers.
Finally, airships could even be used to replace satellites. Currently, satellites are launched into Earth's orbit carrying all kinds of equipment important in telecommunications or in surveying large areas of Earth's surface for military purposes. Since airships can also rise high above the surface and stay there without refueling for a significant amount of time, they could provide services similar to those provided by satellites, and at a considerably cheaper cost.
The airship which can lift vertically with a large balloon has been little used since eighty years ago. However, in the article, someone argues that the airship would be popular again in the future and mentions some advantages which seem true but ridiculous actually.
Firstly, the airship floats vertically by the force of the balloon and uses the engine just for horizontal movement. In the lecture, the professor agrees that the point that the airship can save the energy used for vertical movement, but the balloon is filled with hydrogen or helium which are explodable. So the airship can save fuel at the cost of safety, which is not a good deal.
Secondly, the airship seems to have the ability to arrive at the hard-to-reach locations and do jobs that airplanes and helicopters cannot do. However, the professor points out that the airship must move slowly and steady in the case of the crush of the airship which leads to the exploding of the air in the balloon. Since the airship is large and light, it is hard to be operated even in a hard situation.
Thirdly, the writer argues that the airship can replace the role of the satellites just because the airship can fly high and use less fuel. The professor finds the weakness in the theory that the airship can only fly at a height of fourteen kilometers which is the maximum. Also, the airship cannot stay too long because of the limited fuel. To keep fly at the height, the airship will soon use up its fuel and fall down.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, first, firstly, however, if, second, secondly, so, third, thirdly
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 11.0 5.04856512141 218% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 11.0 7.30242825607 151% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 9.0 22.412803532 40% => OK
Preposition: 33.0 30.3222958057 109% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1224.0 1373.03311258 89% => OK
No of words: 264.0 270.72406181 98% => OK
Chars per words: 4.63636363636 5.08290768461 91% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.03089032464 4.04702891845 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.33597597303 2.5805825403 91% => OK
Unique words: 136.0 145.348785872 94% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.515151515152 0.540411800872 95% => OK
syllable_count: 374.4 419.366225166 89% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 38.6576857386 49.2860985944 78% => OK
Chars per sentence: 102.0 110.228320801 93% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.0 21.698381199 101% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.16666666667 7.06452816374 101% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.271040842595 0.272083759551 100% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.110166721838 0.0996497079465 111% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0575755367801 0.0662205650399 87% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.169598708084 0.162205337803 105% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.00943977741385 0.0443174109184 21% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.4 13.3589403974 85% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 66.07 53.8541721854 123% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 9.63 12.2367328918 79% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.54 8.42419426049 90% => OK
difficult_words: 47.0 63.6247240618 74% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 68.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 20.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.