Both the reading and the listening talk about a theory causing mass extinction. The former claims that there are several potential explanations showing this extinction. The professor, on the other hand, casts doubt on it by saying that it may be plausible but they provide no good explanations to huge elimination of species and animals. She continues by explaining three arguments as follows.
First of all, both the author and the lecture posit sea level fluctuations. The passage mentions that the decrease in sea level at the end of Triassic period brings up the destruction of coastal and shallow ocean species resulting in a huge influence on food chains and as a result huge eliminations of those species. The lecturer, in contrast, rebuts the idea by pointing out that although scientist proved that sea level has declined, but those coastal and shallow water species could adapt to environmental changes. Also, it happened gradually in a period of several million years which cannot have so negative impacts the reading claims. Hence, the first reason is inaccurate.
Second of all, both the writer and the speaker put forward global cooling. The text asserts that volcanic activities release big amounts of SO2 leading to a decline in worldwide temperature and devastate many species in the end. The speaker, conversely, refutes this by asserting that SO2 created by volcanoes are cleared out of air by combination of water and atmosphere which pour them back on Earth by rain. According to her, volcano SO2 had long enough time making them less possible to cause such a great impact on so many species. Therefore, the second evidence is not true.
Finally, both the article and the professor put forth asteroid hit. The reading avers that a potential massive asteroid collision at that time prevented sunlight to be used by pants and animals given rise to their devastation. The lecture, however, rejects the idea by making claim that asteroid hit can be dated to twelve million years before extinction took place which is too long to trace it back to mass extinction.
So, the reasons given in the text have serious flaws.
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, conversely, finally, first, hence, however, may, second, so, therefore, in contrast, as a result, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 13.0 7.30242825607 178% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 47.0 30.3222958057 155% => OK
Nominalization: 10.0 5.01324503311 199% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1786.0 1373.03311258 130% => OK
No of words: 355.0 270.72406181 131% => OK
Chars per words: 5.03098591549 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.34067318298 4.04702891845 107% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.64681428663 2.5805825403 103% => OK
Unique words: 205.0 145.348785872 141% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.577464788732 0.540411800872 107% => OK
syllable_count: 542.7 419.366225166 129% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 60.4870407506 49.2860985944 123% => OK
Chars per sentence: 99.2222222222 110.228320801 90% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.7222222222 21.698381199 91% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.77777777778 7.06452816374 110% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.136121725894 0.272083759551 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0321553397056 0.0996497079465 32% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0304379942309 0.0662205650399 46% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0576937438609 0.162205337803 36% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0330307213765 0.0443174109184 75% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.1 13.3589403974 91% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 53.8541721854 113% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.89 12.2367328918 97% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.85 8.42419426049 105% => OK
difficult_words: 96.0 63.6247240618 151% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, conversely, finally, first, hence, however, may, second, so, therefore, in contrast, as a result, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 13.0 7.30242825607 178% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 47.0 30.3222958057 155% => OK
Nominalization: 10.0 5.01324503311 199% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1786.0 1373.03311258 130% => OK
No of words: 355.0 270.72406181 131% => OK
Chars per words: 5.03098591549 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.34067318298 4.04702891845 107% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.64681428663 2.5805825403 103% => OK
Unique words: 205.0 145.348785872 141% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.577464788732 0.540411800872 107% => OK
syllable_count: 542.7 419.366225166 129% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 60.4870407506 49.2860985944 123% => OK
Chars per sentence: 99.2222222222 110.228320801 90% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.7222222222 21.698381199 91% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.77777777778 7.06452816374 110% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.136121725894 0.272083759551 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0321553397056 0.0996497079465 32% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0304379942309 0.0662205650399 46% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0576937438609 0.162205337803 36% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0330307213765 0.0443174109184 75% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.1 13.3589403974 91% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 53.8541721854 113% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.89 12.2367328918 97% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.85 8.42419426049 105% => OK
difficult_words: 96.0 63.6247240618 151% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.