Scientists are considering the possibility of sending humans to Mars in the coming decades. Although there have been successful manned missions to the Moon in the 1960s and 1970s, Mars is 150 times further away from Earth than the Moon is. Thus the project of sending humans to Mars would require solving an array of problems the Moon missions did not have to face. One problem is that a round-trip to Mars and back is likely to take at least two years. The trip to the Moon lasted only a few days, and it was easy to bring enough supplies of food, water, and oxygen; but the cargo capacity of space vehicles is too limited to put on board the food, water, and oxygen required by a crew for a period of two years. Without those essentials, though, a Mars mission is impossible. A second problem is that astronauts on the Mars mission would be in the zero-gravity environment of space for many months at a time. Spending a long time in the zero-gravity environment has negative effects on the human body, such as decreased muscle mass and lower bone density. Over the course of a two-year mission, the effects would be so severe, they would make it impossible for humans to make the trip without experiencing grave medical problems. Finally, astronauts on a mission to Mars would be exposed to dangerous levels of space radiation, much of which comes in the form of charged particles emitted by the Sun. Earth’s magnetic field, which normally protects us from dangerous solar radiation, would not be able to protect a spaceship traveling in interplanetary space. Constructing a shield that would protect the whole spaceship from space radiation is at present impossible because it would add too much weight to the ship.
In the reading section, the author discusses the difficulty to sending humans to Mars and provides three possible problems to help support his statement. The lecturer however, rebuts author\'s idea and states three potential plans to challenge and solve these issues.
To begin with, the author suggests that due to the limitation of cargo capacity, it\'s simply impossible to bring enough essential supplies such as food, water, and oxygen that is indispensable to support astronauts\' basic living. The lecturer proposes a technique called hydroponic, which will help solve the aforementioned issue. This method could cultivate plants without water, moreover, this technique can help recycle wasted water into drinkable water again.
Secondly, the authors mentions that zero-gravity environment would cause muscle mass loss and result in lower bone density. It could lead devastated consequence to astronauts in a two-year mission. On the contrast, the lecturer suggests that there have several scientists who worked in long-term space station programs , had already proved that it is totally feasible to avoid these negative effects by exercising and have vitamin to help keep their body healthy.
At the end, the authors indicates that without earth\'s magnetic field, spacecrafts to Mars will be exposed to dangerous space radiation. Moreover, constructing a shield is a unrealistic plan as well simply because it will add up another weight to the ship. The lecturer argues this statement by provide a fact that the sun will not always emit deathful space radiation. For this reason, spacecraft only need to bring a special instrument that could help detect radiation, and open up a small shield that doesn\'t take too much weight when the time is come.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 320, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...rked in long-term space station programs , had already proved that it is totally f...
^^
Line 7, column 173, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'an' instead of 'a' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: an
...ion. Moreover, constructing a shield is a unrealistic plan as well simply because...
^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, however, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, well, such as, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 5.0 10.4613686534 48% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 5.04856512141 198% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 21.0 22.412803532 94% => OK
Preposition: 30.0 30.3222958057 99% => OK
Nominalization: 11.0 5.01324503311 219% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1487.0 1373.03311258 108% => OK
No of words: 275.0 270.72406181 102% => OK
Chars per words: 5.40727272727 5.08290768461 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.07223819929 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.69480224641 2.5805825403 104% => OK
Unique words: 179.0 145.348785872 123% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.650909090909 0.540411800872 120% => OK
syllable_count: 441.9 419.366225166 105% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 53.1639889608 49.2860985944 108% => OK
Chars per sentence: 123.916666667 110.228320801 112% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.9166666667 21.698381199 106% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.5 7.06452816374 92% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 0.0 4.27373068433 0% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0758729351547 0.272083759551 28% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.026570489741 0.0996497079465 27% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0384212137887 0.0662205650399 58% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0464514521342 0.162205337803 29% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0303290809426 0.0443174109184 68% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.5 13.3589403974 116% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 49.15 53.8541721854 91% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 11.0289183223 108% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.39 12.2367328918 118% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.78 8.42419426049 116% => OK
difficult_words: 88.0 63.6247240618 138% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 10.7273730684 107% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.