Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on specific points made in the reading passage.
The lecturer proposed several points to oppose the ideas mentioned in the reading. He maintained that the proofs used in the passage to support the notion that humpback whales use stars to navigate when migrating are invalid. Points made in the lecture suggest that the evidences provided in the passage are faulty.
In the beginning, the professor brings up an example to demonstrate that intelligence is not necessarily a requirement for animals to navigate with stars. Ducks, for example, are relatively less intelligent animals that use stars to navigate. This weakens the claim in the passage that because humpback whales are smart, they can navigate with the stars; intelligence is not the key, says the professor, it is their nature that determines whether or not they can use stars to navigate.
The second support used in the reading to bolster the claim that humpback whales use stars to navigate is the fact that these marine creatures travel in a strait line when migrating. The lecture provides another possibility that the whales was able to perform such a feat. These whales have biomagnetide inside them that can navigate them via the earth's magnetic field, thus providing them the ability to travel in strait lines when migrating.
At the end, the lecturer explained that spy-hopping may not be associated with star-observing. He mentioned that sharks exhibit this action as well, but for hunting purposes. Also, these humpback whales usually spy-hop during the day when stars are not visible. Considering these facts, sky-hoping cannot be used as an observation to support that humpback whales actually read stars, as explained in the reading.
As a whole, points made in the lecture undermine details supporting that whales observe the stars to navigate when migrating. The facts that less intelligent animals can also use stars to navigate, that whales can use biomagnetides to help them migrate in a strait line, and that whales are probably not spy-hopping to look at the stars put the conclusion of the passage in great doubt.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 440, Rule ID: WHETHER[7]
Message: Perhaps you can shorten this phrase to just 'whether'. It is correct though if you mean 'regardless of whether'.
Suggestion: whether
...sor, it is their nature that determines whether or not they can use stars to navigate. The ...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, look, may, second, so, thus, well, for example
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 5.04856512141 139% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 23.0 12.0772626932 190% => OK
Pronoun: 34.0 22.412803532 152% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 39.0 30.3222958057 129% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1727.0 1373.03311258 126% => OK
No of words: 335.0 270.72406181 124% => OK
Chars per words: 5.1552238806 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.27820116611 4.04702891845 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.68668988111 2.5805825403 104% => OK
Unique words: 155.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.462686567164 0.540411800872 86% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 539.1 419.366225166 129% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 3.25607064018 246% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 56.4526940603 49.2860985944 115% => OK
Chars per sentence: 115.133333333 110.228320801 104% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.3333333333 21.698381199 103% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.46666666667 7.06452816374 63% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 10.0 4.33554083885 231% => Less positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 1.0 4.45695364238 22% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0965890072926 0.272083759551 35% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0444865629835 0.0996497079465 45% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0582321953723 0.0662205650399 88% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0645320302338 0.162205337803 40% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0408936006868 0.0443174109184 92% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.0 13.3589403974 105% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 49.15 53.8541721854 91% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 11.0289183223 108% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.94 12.2367328918 106% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.31 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 76.0 63.6247240618 119% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 10.7273730684 79% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.