The reading and the lecture are both about the little ice age, which is the period of unusual cold temperature in different parts of the world. The article of the reading provides three reasons for the causes of the little ice age. However, the lecturer cast doubts on all the points.
First of all, the reading passage points out that one of the causes was the disrupting of ocean currents in the gulf stream. The professor rebuts this point by saying the gulf stream happened in Europe and America, and the little ice age also happened in Newzelend and southern Africa.
Secondly, the writer suggests that volcanic eruption was another cause. It is mentioned that volcanoes send dark clouds of dust and these clouds consequently decrease the global temperature. The lecturer, on the other hand, posits that bb saying it is true that volcanoes sent dark dust, but it was not that strong to change the ice color. Also, he mentioned that no one reported that there was any change in ice colors.
Finally, the author of the reading avers that one of the causes was the substantial decrease in the human population which contributed to the change in climate. Moreover, the forest trees caused some changing in climate. The professor refutes this idea. He contends that there was not enough time to the effect of decreasing the greenhouse effect. Also, the forest is not that big to change the climate.
All in all, the lecturer debunks all the points that the author of the reading made.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, consequently, finally, first, however, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, first of all, it is true, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 5.04856512141 0% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 20.0 22.412803532 89% => OK
Preposition: 30.0 30.3222958057 99% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1242.0 1373.03311258 90% => OK
No of words: 257.0 270.72406181 95% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.8326848249 5.08290768461 95% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.00390054096 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.3592861487 2.5805825403 91% => OK
Unique words: 129.0 145.348785872 89% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.501945525292 0.540411800872 93% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 376.2 419.366225166 90% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 12.0 8.23620309051 146% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 40.4350782806 49.2860985944 82% => OK
Chars per sentence: 82.8 110.228320801 75% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.1333333333 21.698381199 79% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.6 7.06452816374 122% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 11.0 4.27373068433 257% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.335695767036 0.272083759551 123% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.109606782519 0.0996497079465 110% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0773534522882 0.0662205650399 117% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.167126045961 0.162205337803 103% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0924790357611 0.0443174109184 209% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 9.9 13.3589403974 74% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 53.8541721854 116% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 11.0289183223 79% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.44 12.2367328918 85% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.86 8.42419426049 93% => OK
difficult_words: 55.0 63.6247240618 86% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 66.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 20.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.