TPO 35- In 1912 a bookseller named Wilfrid M. Voynich acquired a beautifully illustrated handwritten book (manuscript) written on vellum (vellum is a material that was used for writing before the introduction of paper). The “Voynich manuscript,” as it became known, resembles manuscripts written in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. However, it is written in a completely unknown script. To date, no one has been able to decode the script and understand the book’s content. Several theories have been proposed to explain the origin of the Voynich manuscript.
The reading and lecture are both about Voynich Manuscript. The article states three theories to explain the origin of the Manuscript. However, the lecturer casts doubts about the claim made in the article and refutes all the theories presented in the reading passage.
First of all, the author points out that Anthony Ascham is the author of the Voynich Manuscript because he has the same content from his book A little Herbal. Conversely, the point is challenged by the lecturer. He says that the information in the Manuscript included vital details and information that contains coded data. Furthermore, he argues that Asham is just an ordinary physician and his work don't contain original ideas. In addition, his book and knowledge is not enough to publish the Voynich Manuscript.
Secondly, the author contends that the manuscript is fake and the text has no meaning. The article establishes that it was created by Edward Kelley, marketed his manuscript as magical book in order to make a quick sell. On the contrary, the lecturer rebuts this argument. He suggests that Edward Kelley is good at faking people. Moreover, he elaborates on this by mentioning that in 16th century people are easy to fool and he only created a simple book to have monetary gains.
Finally, the author states that the Manuscript is a modern day version of Wilfrid Voyncich himself. The article denotes that as an antique dealer he knows how to make old manuscript and he easily sold the fake book as antique scrolls which brought him sales. The lecturer, on the other hand, posits that the Vellum and ink in the manuscript is atleast 400 years old and Voynich was the true author of the manuscript. He puts forth the idea that the manuscript can't be faked because the ink is difficult to acquire.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-05-01 | PRACHI DAVE | 73 | view |
| 2019-05-01 | PRACHI DAVE | 73 | view |
| 2019-05-01 | PRACHI DAVE | 73 | view |
| 2020-10-19 | kyalien | 80 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 402, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
...just an ordinary physician and his work dont contain original ideas. In addition, hi...
^^^^
Line 7, column 461, Rule ID: CANT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'can't' or 'cannot'?
Suggestion: can't; cannot
...puts forth the idea that the manuscript cant be faked because the ink is difficult t...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, conversely, finally, first, furthermore, however, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, in addition, first of all, on the contrary, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 5.04856512141 0% => OK
Conjunction : 10.0 7.30242825607 137% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 30.0 22.412803532 134% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 30.0 30.3222958057 99% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1485.0 1373.03311258 108% => OK
No of words: 303.0 270.72406181 112% => OK
Chars per words: 4.90099009901 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.17215713816 4.04702891845 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.54994869412 2.5805825403 99% => OK
Unique words: 160.0 145.348785872 110% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.528052805281 0.540411800872 98% => OK
syllable_count: 448.2 419.366225166 107% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 37.4780212408 49.2860985944 76% => OK
Chars per sentence: 87.3529411765 110.228320801 79% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.8235294118 21.698381199 82% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.94117647059 7.06452816374 127% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.188983179924 0.272083759551 69% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0673189036578 0.0996497079465 68% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0650294772642 0.0662205650399 98% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.116018042481 0.162205337803 72% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0402454306041 0.0443174109184 91% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.6 13.3589403974 79% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 53.8541721854 116% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 11.0289183223 79% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.84 12.2367328918 89% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.6 8.42419426049 102% => OK
difficult_words: 79.0 63.6247240618 124% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 10.7273730684 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 78.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.5 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.