The following opinion was provided in a letter to the editor of a national aeronautics magazine:
“Manned space flight is costly and dangerous. Moreover, the recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites has demonstrated that a great deal of useful information can be gathered without the costs and risks associated with sending men and women into space. Therefore, we should invest our resources in unmanned space flight."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The argument claims that as manned space flight is costly and dangerous, we should invest our resources in unmanned space flight.This is a conclusion made without much evidence and the argument fails to provide any facts to back the conclusion.If the argument had provided substantial evidence backing up that why manned space flight is costly and dangerous and about how much information can be gathered with the use of space probes and satellites then the argument would be much more valid.
First of all the argument readily assumes that manned space flight is costly and dangerous but fails to concrete the conclusion.To further illustrate this if the argument had provided reasons as to why manned space flight is costly and dangerous, and facts to back the reasons then the conclusion would be more valid.If the argument had stated that due to increased weight of the crew and the life support systems in the spacecraft it is costlier and even though they are trained rigorously even a small calculation error can have fatal consequences.By stating the above mentioned facts explicitly the argument could be made more persuasive.
Additionally the argument also states that recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites has demonstrated that a great deal of useful information can be gathered without the costs and risks associated with sending men and women into space but fails to make a convincing case.Although the argument states that 'great deal of useful information can be gathered without men' it fails to add that with manned space flight we can gather a whole lot of information about each and every thing in space as men are trained to look for everything and no matter how many space probes we could possibly have it could never beat a man's thought process and the way he perceives things.
Furthermore the argument fails to mention how cheaper it is to send unmanned space probes than manned space flight.If the argument clearly cited that with space probes the cost reduction is significant then the argument would be much more convincing.Hence to make the argument more convincing the author needs to mention all the related facts such as costs with manned space flight and why it is dangerous and the cost reduction related to unmanned space flight and how much better it is send a spacecraft without man on it.
On the whole though the argument claims that the resources sould be invested in unmanned space flight ,it fails to make a convincing case.We need the knowledge of all contributing factors before we come to a conclusion and clearly the argument fails to mention them and explain them convincingly.Hence in its current form because of the various assumptions ,the conclusion has no legs to stand on.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 130, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: This
... our resources in unmanned space flight.This is a conclusion made without much evide...
^^^^
Line 1, column 245, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: If
...rovide any facts to back the conclusion.If the argument had provided substantial e...
^^
Line 3, column 129, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: To
...us but fails to concrete the conclusion.To further illustrate this if the argument...
^^
Line 3, column 318, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: If
...then the conclusion would be more valid.If the argument had stated that due to inc...
^^
Line 3, column 551, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: By
...ation error can have fatal consequences.By stating the above mentioned facts expli...
^^
Line 5, column 1, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Additionally,
...ument could be made more persuasive. Additionally the argument also states that recent su...
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 297, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: Although
...ace but fails to make a convincing case.Although the argument states that great deal of ...
^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 454, Rule ID: WHOLE_LOT[1]
Message: Use simply 'lot'.
Suggestion: lot
...ith manned space flight we can gather a whole lot of information about each and every thi...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 596, Rule ID: MAY_COULD_POSSIBLY[1]
Message: Use simply 'could'.
Suggestion: could
... and no matter how many space probes we could possibly have it could never beat a mans thought...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 1, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Furthermore,
...ess and the way he perceives things. Furthermore the argument fails to mention how cheap...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 116, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: If
...d space probes than manned space flight.If the argument clearly cited that with sp...
^^
Line 7, column 116, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...d space probes than manned space flight.If the argument clearly cited that with sp...
^^
Line 7, column 251, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: Hence
... argument would be much more convincing.Hence to make the argument more convincing th...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 251, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Hence,
... argument would be much more convincing.Hence to make the argument more convincing th...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 489, Rule ID: BEEN_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Consider using a past participle here: 'sent'.
Suggestion: sent
... space flight and how much better it is send a spacecraft without man on it. On t...
^^^^
Line 9, column 102, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...uld be invested in unmanned space flight ,it fails to make a convincing case.We ne...
^^
Line 9, column 139, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: We
...ght ,it fails to make a convincing case.We need the knowledge of all contributing ...
^^
Line 9, column 297, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: Hence
...tion them and explain them convincingly.Hence in its current form because of the vari...
^^^^^
Line 9, column 297, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Hence,
...tion them and explain them convincingly.Hence in its current form because of the vari...
^^^^^
Line 9, column 357, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
... form because of the various assumptions ,the conclusion has no legs to stand on.
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, furthermore, hence, if, look, so, then, as to, such as, first of all, on the whole
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 20.0 19.5258426966 102% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 12.4196629213 105% => OK
Conjunction : 23.0 14.8657303371 155% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 11.3162921348 88% => OK
Pronoun: 31.0 33.0505617978 94% => OK
Preposition: 53.0 58.6224719101 90% => OK
Nominalization: 28.0 12.9106741573 217% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2304.0 2235.4752809 103% => OK
No of words: 461.0 442.535393258 104% => OK
Chars per words: 4.9978308026 5.05705443957 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.63367139033 4.55969084622 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.75711389151 2.79657885939 99% => OK
Unique words: 184.0 215.323595506 85% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.399132321041 0.4932671777 81% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 702.0 704.065955056 100% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59117977528 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 6.24550561798 64% => OK
Article: 2.0 4.99550561798 40% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 3.10617977528 129% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.77640449438 56% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.38483146067 68% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 5.0 20.2370786517 25% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 92.0 23.0359550562 399% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 105.188212267 60.3974514979 174% => OK
Chars per sentence: 460.8 118.986275619 387% => Less chars_per_sentence wanted.
Words per sentence: 92.2 23.4991977007 392% => Less words per sentence wanted.
Discourse Markers: 20.0 5.21951772744 383% => Less transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.97078651685 101% => OK
Language errors: 20.0 7.80617977528 256% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 10.2758426966 10% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 5.13820224719 78% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 0.0 4.83258426966 0% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.280721774266 0.243740707755 115% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.18166100489 0.0831039109588 219% => Sentence topic similarity is high.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0763603572634 0.0758088955206 101% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.18166100489 0.150359130593 121% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0763603572634 0.0667264976115 114% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 48.2 14.1392134831 341% => Automated_readability_index is high.
flesch_reading_ease: -13.44 48.8420337079 -28% => Flesch_reading_ease is low.
smog_index: 14.6 7.92365168539 184% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 38.0 12.1743820225 312% => Flesch kincaid grade is high.
coleman_liau_index: 12.9 12.1639044944 106% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 10.77 8.38706741573 128% => OK
difficult_words: 75.0 100.480337079 75% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 27.5 11.8971910112 231% => Linsear_write_formula is high.
gunning_fog: 38.8 11.2143820225 346% => Gunning_fog is high.
text_standard: 13.0 11.7820224719 110% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.