The cane toad is a large (1.8 kg) amphibian species native to Central and South America. It was deliberately introduced to Australia in 1935 with the expectation that it would protect farmers’ crops by eating harmful insects. Unfortunately, the toad multiplied rapidly, and a large cane toad population now threatens small native animals that are not pests. Several measures have been proposed to stop the spread of the cane toad in Australia.
One way to prevent the spread of the toad would be to build a national fence. A fence that blocks the advance of the toads will prevent them from moving into those parts of Australia that they have not yet colonized. This approach has been used before: a national fence was erected in the early part of the twentieth century to prevent the spread of rabbits, another animal species that was introduced in Australia from abroad and had a harmful impact on its native ecosystems.
Second, the toads could be captured and destroyed by volunteers. Cane toads can easily be caught in simple traps and can even be captured by hand. Young toads and cane toad eggs are even easier to gather and destroy, since they are restricted to the water. If the Australian government were to organize a campaign among Australian citizens to join forces to destroy the toads, the collective effort might stop the toad from spreading.
Third, researchers are developing a disease-causing virus to control the cane toad populations. This virus will be specially designed: although it will be able to infect a number of reptile and amphibian species, it will not harm most of the infected species; it will specifically harm only the cane toads. The virus will control the population of cane toads by preventing them from maturing and reproducing.
Summarise the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they case doubt on specific points made in the reading passage.
The reading and lecture are about to stop the spread of the cane toad in australia. The reading proposed three ways to prevent this but the lecturer challenges the claim of the author. She mentions that it will not be enough to stop cane toad growth.
Firstly, The author mentions that to prevent the spread of the toad to build a national fence. A fence that blocks the advance of the toads will prevent them from moving into the part of colonized australia. The lecturer refutes this claim. She mentions that a fence would probably stop the spread of cane toad. But cane toad are easily moving into water and small eggs are enough to spread the toad to other place in australia.
Secondly, The author of the reading posits that the toad could be captured and destroyed by volunteers because cane toads are easily to found by small traps and even captured by hand. However the lecturer rebut this claim. She argues that massive group of untrained volunteer caused many problems. They mixed up cane toad with frog because in young time of cane toad it is difficult to distinguish. Also Frog is the most important animal for australia ecosystem.
On the last part, the authors says that researchers are developing a disease-causing virus to control the cane toad populations. The virus will not effect other reptile and amphibian species and it will harm only cane toads. But the lecturer argues the claim by author. She mentions that it is a terrible decision because it will affect other country such as america. In america kane toad is important for their ecosystem. When this virus affected cane toad goes to america for scientific research it will affect other reptile and it changes the ecosystem.
So the lecturer cast doubt on all the claims made by author.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 9, column 185, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: However,
... small traps and even captured by hand. However the lecturer rebut this claim. She argu...
^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 400, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Also,
...ne toad it is difficult to distinguish. Also Frog is the most important animal for a...
^^^^
Line 13, column 149, Rule ID: AFFECT_EFFECT[6]
Message: Did you mean 'affect'?
Suggestion: affect
...ne toad populations. The virus will not effect other reptile and amphibian species and...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, however, if, second, secondly, so, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 10.0 7.30242825607 137% => OK
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 26.0 22.412803532 116% => OK
Preposition: 37.0 30.3222958057 122% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1479.0 1373.03311258 108% => OK
No of words: 306.0 270.72406181 113% => OK
Chars per words: 4.83333333333 5.08290768461 95% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.18244613648 4.04702891845 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.38912134631 2.5805825403 93% => OK
Unique words: 139.0 145.348785872 96% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.454248366013 0.540411800872 84% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 445.5 419.366225166 106% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 20.0 13.0662251656 153% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 35.8168605548 49.2860985944 73% => OK
Chars per sentence: 73.95 110.228320801 67% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.3 21.698381199 71% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.45 7.06452816374 49% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 10.0 4.45695364238 224% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.213648505967 0.272083759551 79% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0732210771477 0.0996497079465 73% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0603746477306 0.0662205650399 91% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.11842527063 0.162205337803 73% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0617090435531 0.0443174109184 139% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 9.0 13.3589403974 67% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 64.71 53.8541721854 120% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.0 11.0289183223 73% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.14 12.2367328918 83% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.12 8.42419426049 85% => OK
difficult_words: 53.0 63.6247240618 83% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 6.0 10.7273730684 56% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.