Humans have long been fascinated by elephants, the largest land animal in the modern world. Social animals that live in herds, elephants are native to both Africa and Asia. Their large ears, long trunk, and long life span have made elephants one of the most captivating creatures on Earth. Our long-standing interest in elephants has led to several beliefs about surprising elephant behaviors.
Elephants Are Aware of Approaching Death
One of the popular beliefs is that when elephants become old and weak, they know that they are nearing the end of their lives. They demonstrate this by breaking away from their herds and going off alone to certain locations often found near bodies of water—so called “elephant graveyards”—to die alone. The idea that old elephants seem aware that they will die soon is supported by the discovery of many sites containing bones exclusively of elderly elephants.
Representing Objects through Art
Additionally, elephants seem to have artistic ability. Elephants can be taught to hold a paintbrush in their trunk and use it to paint on a canvas. Some elephants have been known to paint drawings that represent recognizable things: flowers, other elephants, even themselves. This talent makes elephants the only animal other than humans to produce art representing the world around them.
Fear of Mice
Finally, it has long been believed that elephants have a fear of mice. In 77 C.E., the Roman philosopher and scientist Pliny the Elder wrote that elephants are more afraid of mice, small mammals that can do elephants no harm, than of the much more dangerous animals with which elephants normally share an environment, such as lions or tigers. In a recent scientific experiment in which a herd of elephants was confronted with several mice, the elephants backed away from the mice and left the area to avoid them.
Both the reading and listening discus about the elephant’s behaviors. The author is of the opinion that the elephant’s behavior is amazing and provides three evidences of support. On the other hand, the professor states that these reasons are just misunderstanding of natural behavior of the elephant and rejecting the reading claims by refuting each evidences.
First, the reading claims that the elephants know their dead time and go to watery lands to die However, the speaker says that the older elephant’s breakaway from herds is an effect of aging. When they getting old, their tooth are weakened and they have trouble in chewing. Since they go to find softer vegetables in water lands. Since they live in watery lands in the end of life, most of them died there consequently.
Second, the author states that the elephants can paint by application of brushes and paint logical objects such as flower. Conversely, the lecturer contends that actually artistic actions in elephants is not artistic but it is a reaction to what they remember from their trainer. If you watch them carefully you will find that their movement is not exactly painting because they don’t move brush to draw a picture. They don’t paint a logical picture.
Third, the article mentions that the elephants are harassed by the mice. On the contrary, the professor asserts that the mice don’t afraid them and they afraid of unfamiliar creatures. This is a natural instincts that animals such as the elephants be aware of unknown animals. For example, if an elephant grow up in zoo, it will not be frightened of mice because it realized the mice and is not unfamiliar creature to it.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 280, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “Since” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...kened and they have trouble in chewing. Since they go to find softer vegetables in wa...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 155, Rule ID: I_AFRAID[2]
Message: You miss the verb here. You should rather write: 'they're afraid'.
Suggestion: they're afraid
...hat the mice don't afraid them and they afraid of unfamiliar creatures. This is a natu...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 210, Rule ID: A_PLURAL[2]
Message: Don't use indefinite articles with plural words. Did you mean 'instinct'?
Suggestion: instinct
...unfamiliar creatures. This is a natural instincts that animals such as the elephants be a...
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, consequently, conversely, first, however, if, second, so, third, for example, such as, on the contrary, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 7.30242825607 123% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 33.0 22.412803532 147% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 34.0 30.3222958057 112% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1419.0 1373.03311258 103% => OK
No of words: 280.0 270.72406181 103% => OK
Chars per words: 5.06785714286 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.09062348924 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.77547339224 2.5805825403 108% => OK
Unique words: 148.0 145.348785872 102% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.528571428571 0.540411800872 98% => OK
syllable_count: 431.1 419.366225166 103% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 5.0 1.25165562914 399% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 43.9904029938 49.2860985944 89% => OK
Chars per sentence: 94.6 110.228320801 86% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.6666666667 21.698381199 86% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.06666666667 7.06452816374 128% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.137157303544 0.272083759551 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0491891820756 0.0996497079465 49% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0336728394084 0.0662205650399 51% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0818310864321 0.162205337803 50% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0225402600156 0.0443174109184 51% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.8 13.3589403974 88% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 61.67 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.13 12.2367328918 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.14 8.42419426049 97% => OK
difficult_words: 64.0 63.6247240618 101% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 85.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.