Humans have long been fascinated by elephants, the largest land animal in the modern world. Social animals that live in herds, elephants are native to both Africa and Asia. Their large ears, long trunk, and long life span have made elephants one of the most captivating creatures on Earth. Our long-standing interest in elephants has led to several beliefs about surprising elephant behaviors.
Elephants Are Aware of Approaching Death
One of the popular beliefs is that when elephants become old and weak, they know that they are nearing the end of their lives. They demonstrate this by breaking away from their herds and going off alone to certain locations often found near bodies of water - so-called "elephant graveyards" - to die alone. The idea that old elephants seem aware that they will die soon is supported by the discovery of many sites containing bones exclusively of elderly elephants.
Representing Objects through Art
Additionally, elephants seem to have artistic ability. Elephants can be taught to hold a paintbrush in their trunk and use it to paint on a canvas. Some elephants have been known to paint drawings that represent recognizable things: flowers, other elephants, even themselves. This talent makes elephants the only animal other than humans to produce art representing the world around them.
Fear of Mice
Finally, it has long been believed that elephants have a fear of mice. In 77 C.E., the Roman philosopher and scientist Pliny the Elder wrote that elephants are more afraid of mice, small mammals that can do elephants no harm, than of the much more dangerous animals with which elephants normally share an environment, such as lions or tigers. In a recent scientific experiment in which a herd of elephants was confronted with several mice, the elephants backed away from the mice and left the area to avoid them.
The reading passage sates three theoriea about special behaviors in elephants; whereas, the lecturer points aut that hese hypotheses are based on misunderstanding of their behaviors.
Firstly, the author insists that elephants are awar of their death when it is getting close and go to certain places to die. The professor, however, argues that not all the elephants assume to do this action when they leave their herd. She mentions that as we know, when elephants get old, their teeth become weaker therefore, they need soft vegetation to feed. Consequently, they go to locations which have soft vegetation, which place with more water have these kind of plants. As a result, that is why most of the so called elephant graveyards have been found at places with high moisther and water there.
Secondly, the article says that elephants are talented anomal in depicting art, and are able to produce art like human does. In contrast, the speaker reckons that the way trainers teach elephants how to paint is related to the perfect outcomes. She says that in zooes, trainens use storking elephants ears, and we know that elephants ears are very sensitive. So, by storking their ears they encourage them to paint on the canvas. Thereby, the elephant does not neccesarily know that the lines are associated to a flower or what they painted.
Lastly, the author deems that elephants fear of mice. On the contrary, the lecturer invalidates this by saying that because mice are unfamiliar for them ther fear of them. but, the elephants in circes have not fear of because thew know what they are.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 459, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'this kind' or 'these kinds'?
Suggestion: this kind; these kinds
...ation, which place with more water have these kind of plants. As a result, that is why mos...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 452, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...int on the canvas. Thereby, the elephant does not neccesarily know that the lines...
^^
Line 7, column 173, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: But
... unfamiliar for them ther fear of them. but, the elephants in circes have not fear ...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, consequently, first, firstly, however, lastly, second, secondly, so, therefore, whereas, in contrast, kind of, as a result, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 17.0 12.0772626932 141% => OK
Pronoun: 34.0 22.412803532 152% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 32.0 30.3222958057 106% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1326.0 1373.03311258 97% => OK
No of words: 268.0 270.72406181 99% => OK
Chars per words: 4.94776119403 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.04607285448 4.04702891845 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.51341632834 2.5805825403 97% => OK
Unique words: 159.0 145.348785872 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.59328358209 0.540411800872 110% => OK
syllable_count: 396.0 419.366225166 94% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 29.4192079417 49.2860985944 60% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 94.7142857143 110.228320801 86% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.1428571429 21.698381199 88% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.2857142857 7.06452816374 146% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.167751906322 0.272083759551 62% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0602596943019 0.0996497079465 60% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0283263276533 0.0662205650399 43% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0892038449915 0.162205337803 55% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0375393879859 0.0443174109184 85% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.5 13.3589403974 86% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 53.8541721854 113% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.43 12.2367328918 93% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.17 8.42419426049 97% => OK
difficult_words: 61.0 63.6247240618 96% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 81.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.