the insecticidal properties of DDT, a whit crystalline compound, were discovered in 1942. during world war II this pesticide was used to control the spread use of typhus and malaria. then in the postwar era it began to be used extensively as an agricultural insecticide. its success in eradicating malaria and controlling other insect-borne diseases dangerous both to humans and crops led it to be labeled a miracle pesticide.
its usage increased and peaked in the early 1960s. in that decade, however, studies began to show that this method of pest control had serious environmental consequences. perhaps most damaging for the reputation of DDT was the wide popularity of Rachel Carsson's book Silent Spring, which exposed the dangers of continued use of this pesticide on bird and animal species and ultimately on human beings. carson's influential expose of the harmful effects of DDT showed that several species of birds were experiencing population declines as a result of ingesting this chemical in their customary diet. research showed that birds of prey such as the bald eagle and peregrine falcon, which are high on the food chain, accumulated excessive amounts of the pesticide in their bodies, and this caused them to lay eggs with thin shells, which would break before hatching. research also showed that the human population was at risk from increased levels of liver and breast cancer caused by exposure to DDT. furthermore, environmentalists pointed out that the toxicity of this substance is not easily degraded and can remain in the environment and food chain for prolonged periods. due to these reasons, and also to the fact that DDT seemed to be losing its effectiveness on the insect populations it was designed to control, many countries banned the use of this product during the early 1960s.
The passage and the lecture hold different perceptions toward the use of DDT as pesticide. The passage mentions that pesticide is hazardous for ecosystem, but the lecture argues that DDT has no correlation at all with such phenomenon.
The widespread use of DDT has been claimed has harmed the population of several high food chain birds species such as bald eagle and peregrine falcon. According to the lecture, however, it has been reported that the number of bald eagle has already been in decline before the period of DDT. Another bird species, brown pelican, also reached its lowest number before the massive use of DDT. In contrary, the number of bald eagle is recorded highest during the 1960s, which is the peak use of DDT. Finally, the lecture suggests that the declining population of these species is due to hunting activity.
The lecture also refuses the research mentioned certain dangerous amounts of pesticide were found inside some food chain birds bodies. The lecture based his view on a research that shows brown pelican and peregrine falcon have no problem with their reproductive system during DDT era.
Moreover, the lecture argues that pesticide is not correlated with the eggshell weakening. The lecture claims that other factors such as oil spill, mercury poisoning and other pollutants are more responsible for this issue.
Finally, the lecture disagrees with the claim saying DDT brings higher threat of cancers to humans. New research from the lecture suggests that there are no links between pesticide and human cancers.
In conclusion, the lecture denies all the evidence presented in the passage and suggests that the use of DDT showed no correlation at all with the phenomenon. The lecture also points out that the excessive and uncontrollable use of DDT indeed might decrease its effectiveness. Further, the lecture expresses his opinion that countries should reconsider to use DDT as pesticide again.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 237, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...orrelation at all with such phenomenon. The widespread use of DDT has been claim...
^^^^^
Line 3, column 1, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...ation at all with such phenomenon. The widespread use of DDT has been claimed ...
^^^
Line 5, column 166, Rule ID: A_UNCOUNTABLE[1]
Message: Uncountable nouns are usually not used with an indefinite article. Use simply 'research'.
Suggestion: research
...s bodies. The lecture based his view on a research that shows brown pelican and peregrine ...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 225, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ts are more responsible for this issue. Finally, the lecture disagrees with the ...
^^^^^
Discourse Markers used:
['also', 'but', 'finally', 'however', 'if', 'moreover', 'so', 'in conclusion', 'such as']
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance in Part of Speech:
Nouns: 0.301169590643 0.261695866417 115% => OK
Verbs: 0.143274853801 0.158904122519 90% => OK
Adjectives: 0.0877192982456 0.0723426182421 121% => OK
Adverbs: 0.0350877192982 0.0435111971325 81% => OK
Pronouns: 0.0175438596491 0.0277247811725 63% => OK
Prepositions: 0.143274853801 0.128828473217 111% => OK
Participles: 0.0438596491228 0.0370669169778 118% => OK
Conjunctions: 2.59557875246 2.5805825403 101% => OK
Infinitives: 0.0116959064327 0.0208969081088 56% => OK
Particles: 0.00292397660819 0.00154638098197 189% => OK
Determiners: 0.12865497076 0.128158765124 100% => OK
Modal_auxiliary: 0.00584795321637 0.0158828679856 37% => OK
WH_determiners: 0.00584795321637 0.0114777025283 51% => OK
Vocabulary words and sentences:
No of characters: 1953.0 1645.83664459 119% => OK
No of words: 313.0 271.125827815 115% => OK
Chars per words: 6.23961661342 6.08160592843 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.20616286096 4.04852973271 104% => OK
words length more than 5 chars: 0.415335463259 0.374372842146 111% => OK
words length more than 6 chars: 0.319488817891 0.287516216867 111% => OK
words length more than 7 chars: 0.194888178914 0.187439937562 104% => OK
words length more than 8 chars: 0.130990415335 0.113142543107 116% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.59557875246 2.5805825403 101% => OK
Unique words: 160.0 145.348785872 110% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.511182108626 0.539623497131 95% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
Word variations: 52.0264922102 53.8517498576 97% => OK
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0529801325 123% => OK
Sentence length: 19.5625 21.7502111507 90% => OK
Sentence length SD: 22.6260358879 49.3711431718 46% => OK
Chars per sentence: 122.0625 132.220823453 92% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.5625 21.7502111507 90% => OK
Discourse Markers: 0.5625 0.878197800319 64% => OK
Paragraphs: 6.0 4.09492273731 147% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 3.39072847682 118% => OK
Readability: 51.5113817891 50.5018328374 102% => OK
Elegance: 2.49253731343 1.90840788429 131% => OK
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.374042507971 0.549887131256 68% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence: 0.134999675902 0.142949733639 94% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence SD: 0.081933748531 0.0787303798458 104% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence: 0.682681070301 0.631733273073 108% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence SD: 0.0858565744656 0.139662658121 61% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.187049055708 0.266732575781 70% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0713229153045 0.103435571967 69% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence: 0.336999591185 0.414875509568 81% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence SD: 0.0854278132742 0.0530846634433 161% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.241634507656 0.40443939384 60% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0728739110699 0.0528353158467 138% => OK
Task Achievement:
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 11.0 4.45695364238 247% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.26048565121 70% => OK
Positive topic words: 2.0 3.49668874172 57% => OK
Negative topic words: 11.0 3.62251655629 304% => OK
Neutral topic words: 3.0 3.1766004415 94% => OK
Total topic words: 16.0 10.2958057395 155% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
---------------------
Not in a correct format.
The correct pattern:
para 1: introduction
para 2: doubt 1
para 3: doubt 2
para 4: doubt 3
Less contents wanted from the reading passages(25%) but more content wanted from the lecture (75%).
Don't need a conclusion paragraph.
Read sample essays from ETS:
http://www.testbig.com/users/toeflwritingmaster
Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: This is not the final score. The e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.