Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold, arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable, especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis.
First, the edmontosaur's diet supports the migration hypothesis. Edmontosaurs fed exclusively on plants. Since there would have been no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter, it appears that the edmontosaur must have left for at least part of the year and migrated to more temperate zones to find food.
Second, many edmontosaur skeletons have been unearthed from the same site. This suggests that edmontosaurs lived in herds. Many modern-day migratory animals, such as caribou and buffalo, live and migrate in herds as well. Moving in herds helps animals coordinate their migration. The finding that edmontosaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis.
Finally, edmontosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances. To reach more hospitable regions, the edmontosaur had to migrate about 1,600 kilometers southward. To make such a journey, the edmontosaur needed to move at about five kilometers per hour for several weeks, which it certainly could do. These animals could run very fast, reaching speeds up to 45 kilometers per hour. It could have easily used its locomotive power to move to warmer climates during the harsh arctic winters.
Recently there has been a debate on Edmontosaurus migration,More specifically, in regard to the reading passage the writer puts forth three solid pieces of evidence to back up the migration,In the listening passage, the lecturer is quick to point out that there are some serious flaws in the writers claim.In Fact, he believes, and addresses in detail the trouble with each point made in the reading text.
First and foremost, the author of the reading states that Edmontosaurus' eating habit supports the hypothesized theory because it feeds only on plant.Some professionals in the same field, however, stand in firm opposition to this claim. In the listening section for example, the professor states that the climatic conditions are warmer than today because arctic regions are now twenty four hours peakMoreover, warm temperatures produce good climatic conditions.
One group of scholars, represented by the writer, thinks that many Edmontosaurus have been excavated from the same site.Of course, though, not all experts in the field believe this is accurate.Again the speaker addresses the point by stating that earth provide extra protections for enemies and animals in the same region.For instance, the roselk lives in the forest and do not migrate.
Finally, the author brings his argument to a close by suggesting that Edmontonsaurus has the capacity of moving to a long distance in order to be more comfortable.Not surprisingly, the professor takes the issue by contending that the young Edmontonsaurus can't travel independently to forage food because they won't make it to the final destination.Therefore they can't survive on their own.
To sum up, both the writer and professor hold conflicting views on the migration of Edmontosaurus.It is clear that they will have trouble finding common ground.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 60, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , More
...been a debate on Edmontosaurus migration,More specifically, in regard to the reading ...
^^^^^
Line 1, column 190, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , In
...ces of evidence to back up the migration,In the listening passage, the lecturer is ...
^^^
Line 1, column 307, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: In
...some serious flaws in the writers claim.In Fact, he believes, and addresses in de...
^^
Line 1, column 328, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... the writers claim.In Fact, he believes, and addresses in detail the trouble with...
^^
Line 3, column 79, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...reading states that Edmontosaurus eating habit supports the hypothesized theory b...
^^
Line 3, column 151, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: Some
...d theory because it feeds only on plant.Some professionals in the same field, howeve...
^^^^
Line 3, column 379, Rule ID: EN_COMPOUNDS
Message: This word is normally spelled with hyphen.
Suggestion: twenty-four
...an today because arctic regions are now twenty four hours peakMoreover, warm temperatures p...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 63, Rule ID: MANY_NN[1]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun Edmontosaurus seems to be countable; consider using: 'many '.
Suggestion: many
... represented by the writer, thinks that many Edmontosaurus have been excavated from the same sit...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 86, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ter, thinks that many Edmontosaurus have been excavated from the same site.Of co...
^^
Line 7, column 92, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...hinks that many Edmontosaurus have been excavated from the same site.Of course, ...
^^
Line 7, column 123, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: Of
...ave been excavated from the same site.Of course, though, not all experts in the ...
^^
Line 7, column 196, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: Again
...s in the field believe this is accurate.Again the speaker addresses the point by stat...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 325, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: For
... enemies and animals in the same region.For instance, the roselk lives in the fores...
^^^
Line 10, column 164, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: Not
...istance in order to be more comfortable.Not surprisingly, the professor takes the i...
^^^
Line 10, column 256, Rule ID: CANT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'can't' or 'cannot'?
Suggestion: can't; cannot
...ontending that the young Edmontonsaurus cant travel independently to forage food b...
^^^^
Line 10, column 267, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...hat the young Edmontonsaurus cant travel independently to forage food because th...
^^
Line 10, column 282, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...dmontonsaurus cant travel independently to forage food because they wont make it...
^^
Line 10, column 350, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: Therefore
...y wont make it to the final destination.Therefore they cant survive on their own. To s...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 10, column 350, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Therefore,
...y wont make it to the final destination.Therefore they cant survive on their own. To s...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 10, column 365, Rule ID: CANT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'can't' or 'cannot'?
Suggestion: can't; cannot
...to the final destination.Therefore they cant survive on their own. To sum up, bot...
^^^^
Line 12, column 99, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: It
...views on the migration of Edmontosaurus.It is clear that they will have trouble fi...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, first, however, if, moreover, so, therefore, for example, for instance, in fact, of course, in regard to, to sum up
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 8.0 12.0772626932 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 41.0 30.3222958057 135% => OK
Nominalization: 10.0 5.01324503311 199% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1544.0 1373.03311258 112% => OK
No of words: 284.0 270.72406181 105% => OK
Chars per words: 5.43661971831 5.08290768461 107% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.10515524023 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.18822035903 2.5805825403 124% => OK
Unique words: 177.0 145.348785872 122% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.62323943662 0.540411800872 115% => OK
syllable_count: 468.0 419.366225166 112% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 6.0 13.0662251656 46% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 47.0 21.2450331126 221% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 97.0818669417 49.2860985944 197% => OK
Chars per sentence: 257.333333333 110.228320801 233% => Less chars_per_sentence wanted.
Words per sentence: 47.3333333333 21.698381199 218% => Less words per sentence wanted.
Discourse Markers: 20.6666666667 7.06452816374 293% => Less transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 21.0 4.19205298013 501% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 0.0 4.27373068433 0% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.054510400834 0.272083759551 20% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0274668344696 0.0996497079465 28% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0308532623616 0.0662205650399 47% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0272913459845 0.162205337803 17% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0221692060246 0.0443174109184 50% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 27.9 13.3589403974 209% => Automated_readability_index is high.
flesch_reading_ease: 23.77 53.8541721854 44% => Flesch_reading_ease is low.
smog_index: 13.0 5.55761589404 234% => Smog_index is high.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 21.6 11.0289183223 196% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 15.16 12.2367328918 124% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 10.42 8.42419426049 124% => OK
difficult_words: 80.0 63.6247240618 126% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 29.5 10.7273730684 275% => Linsear_write_formula is high.
gunning_fog: 20.8 10.498013245 198% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.