Many countries require cigarette smokers to pay particularly high taxes on their purchases of cigarettes; similar taxes are being considered for unhealthy foods. The policy of imposing high taxes on cigarettes and other unhealthy products has a number of social benefits.
First of all, the taxes discourage people from indulging in unhealthy behaviors. Raising taxes on cigarettes, for instance, leads people to buy fewer of them. Smoking has declined as taxes on tobacco have risen, showing that these taxes do work to make society healthier. It can be expected that imposing similar taxes on unhealthy food and beverages would help reduce obesity rates.
Second, taxes of this kind are financially fair. When people get sick as a result of their smoking or eating unhealthy foods, they create medical costs. It is unfair that everyone in the society, including nonsmokers and people who follow a healthy diet, should contribute equally to covering these costs. Taxing people who engage in unhealthy behaviors creates extra income that can be used to cover the medical costs. In this way, some of the financial burden is shifted from all of society to just those who choose to participate in the unhealthy activities.
Finally, the high rate of taxation on cigarettes significantly increases revenue for the government. In addition to using this tax revenue on medical assistance, governments often use the revenue for other projects that benefit public welfare, such as building stadiums or creating public parks. Even basic government-supported services like public education benefit from these taxes. Thus, the taxes on cigarettes, and the proposed taxes on unhealthy foods, benefit everyone.
The lecturer denied the topic proposed in the reading that the policy of imposing high taxes on cigarettes and other unhealthy products has a number of social benefits. And she thinks that each of these benefits can be challenged.
First, the article suggests that the taxes discourage people from indulging in unhealthy behaviors. However, the professor points out that the policy cannot lead to healthy behaviors, because people may buy more lower-quality cheaper cigarettes which includes more harmful substances than other cigarettes. Just like the example of high taxes on unhealthy foods. people continue to buy unhealthy foods even they are expensive, and then they would have less money to spend on healthy foods.
Second, the passage supposes that taxes of this kind are financially fair. But the lecturer supports that it is fair only for people who indulging in unhealthy behaviors and it is unfair because it doesn't take into account people's income. people who has lower income would not pay the taxes easily as people who has higher income. Also, the taxes on unhealthy foods would increase a greater burden on lower-income people than higher-income people.
Third, the essay indicates that the high rate of taxation on cigarettes increases revenue for the government. Nevertheless, the professor considers that millions of dollars would make the government be dependent on the income and they do not want to lose it. So they would not implement the policy altogether to provide medical assistance and parks. Instead, they would ban any outdoor activities because they don't want to lose this money.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 364, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: People
...ample of high taxes on unhealthy foods. people continue to buy unhealthy foods even th...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 199, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
...y behaviors and it is unfair because it doesnt take into account peoples income. peopl...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 240, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: People
...oesnt take into account peoples income. people who has lower income would not pay the ...
^^^^^^
Line 7, column 411, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
...ban any outdoor activities because they dont want to lose this money.
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, may, nevertheless, second, so, then, third
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 6.0 10.4613686534 57% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 9.0 5.04856512141 178% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 27.0 30.3222958057 89% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1359.0 1373.03311258 99% => OK
No of words: 259.0 270.72406181 96% => OK
Chars per words: 5.2471042471 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.01166760082 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.62400594403 2.5805825403 102% => OK
Unique words: 147.0 145.348785872 101% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.567567567568 0.540411800872 105% => OK
syllable_count: 421.2 419.366225166 100% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 42.2196032426 49.2860985944 86% => OK
Chars per sentence: 97.0714285714 110.228320801 88% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.5 21.698381199 85% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.92857142857 7.06452816374 70% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.305785601429 0.272083759551 112% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.113722143354 0.0996497079465 114% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.109873007548 0.0662205650399 166% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.197237536681 0.162205337803 122% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0969372849166 0.0443174109184 219% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.5 13.3589403974 94% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 53.21 53.8541721854 99% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.17 12.2367328918 108% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.74 8.42419426049 104% => OK
difficult_words: 69.0 63.6247240618 108% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.