.The Salton Sea in California is actually a salty inland lake. The level of salt in the lake’s water—what scientists call its salinity—has been increasing steadily for years because the lake’s water is evaporating faster than it is being replaced by rainfall or rivers. If the trend continues, the lake’s water will soon become so salty that the lake will be unable to support fish and bird populations. The lake would then become essentially a dead zone. Fortunately, there are several ways to reverse the trend that is threatening the lake’s health.
One option is direct removal of salt from the lake’s water in special desalination facilities. Water from the lake would be pumped into the facilities and heated. This would cause the water to evaporate into steam, while salt and other materials dissolved in the water would be left behind. The steam would then be cooled down and returned to the lake as salt-free water. Gradually, the high salt levels would be reduced and the lake’s overall health would be restored.
Another possible solution is to dilute the salt level in the lake with water from the ocean. Since water in the Pacific Ocean is 20 percent less salty than water in the lake, bringing ocean water into the lake would decrease the lake’s salinity. The ocean water could be delivered through pipelines or canals.
Yet another solution would be to control the lake’s salinity by constructing walls to divide the lake into several sections. In the smaller sections, salinity would be allowed to increase. However, in the main and largest section, salinity would be reduced and controlled by, among other things, directing all the freshwater from small rivers in the area to flow into that main section of the lake.
The reading and the lecture are both about the Salton sea in California.While the author of the article presents three solutions to reverse the trend of the threatening lake, the lecturer disputes the arguments made in the passage.His position is that none of the three solutions are practical.
To begin with, the reading passage states that removing salt through the use of desalination equipment might be effective since evaporation of water to steam leaves behind salt and other materials.The article mentions that the steam get cooled and returned to lake as salt free water.This specific argument is challenged by the lecturer.Her position is that even though salt levels reduces , it will also present some problems because the water pumped out through desalination leave behind solid materials , which are salt and chemicals. Additionally, she mentions that these materials contain selenium that is harmful to human health when inhaled.
Secondly, the author states that diluting the salt level with water from the ocean reduces salinity because the ocean water is lesser when compared to water from the lake.The lecturer, however, asserts that although reduction of saline is important, this would eventually require the construction of pipes and canals, which the government might not be able to fund.Also, she expresses that the constructions is likely to take place in a far distance.Therefore pipes and canal are somewhat expensive over long distances.
Finally, the author puts forth the idea that building walls to divide the lakes into several parts reduces salinity in the main and largest sections .The lecturer disagrees.He believes that dividing them is unlikely to be effective for a longer period because salts are located where geological disasters such as earthquakes occur and these would damage the wall in short time.Also, he claims that water from high salinity will mix with the one from low salinity.s
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...ould damage the wall in short time.Also, he claims that water from high salinity ...
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, finally, however, if, second, secondly, so, therefore, while, in short, such as, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 16.0 10.4613686534 153% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 17.0 12.0772626932 141% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 39.0 30.3222958057 129% => OK
Nominalization: 11.0 5.01324503311 219% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1641.0 1373.03311258 120% => OK
No of words: 304.0 270.72406181 112% => OK
Chars per words: 5.39802631579 5.08290768461 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.17559525986 4.04702891845 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.8184356286 2.5805825403 109% => OK
Unique words: 179.0 145.348785872 123% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.588815789474 0.540411800872 109% => OK
syllable_count: 512.1 419.366225166 122% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 9.0 3.25607064018 276% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 5.0 13.0662251656 38% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 60.0 21.2450331126 282% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 163.018281183 49.2860985944 331% => The lengths of sentences changed so frequently.
Chars per sentence: 328.2 110.228320801 298% => Less chars_per_sentence wanted.
Words per sentence: 60.8 21.698381199 280% => Less words per sentence wanted.
Discourse Markers: 20.0 7.06452816374 283% => Less transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 25.0 4.19205298013 596% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.27373068433 23% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.256158047261 0.272083759551 94% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.117812549443 0.0996497079465 118% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0674609564676 0.0662205650399 102% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.143134581835 0.162205337803 88% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0325061298111 0.0443174109184 73% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 34.4 13.3589403974 258% => Automated_readability_index is high.
flesch_reading_ease: 2.12 53.8541721854 4% => Flesch_reading_ease is low.
smog_index: 13.0 5.55761589404 234% => Smog_index is high.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 27.9 11.0289183223 253% => Flesch kincaid grade is high.
coleman_liau_index: 14.93 12.2367328918 122% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 11.08 8.42419426049 132% => OK
difficult_words: 86.0 63.6247240618 135% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 28.0 10.7273730684 261% => Linsear_write_formula is high.
gunning_fog: 26.0 10.498013245 248% => Gunning_fog is high.
text_standard: 28.0 11.2008830022 250% => The average readability is very high. Good job!
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.