The sea otter is a small mammal that lives in waters along the western coast of North America from California to Alaska.
When some sea otter populations off the Alaskan coast started rapidly declining a few years ago, it caused much concern because sea otters play an important ecological role in the coastal ecosystem. Experts started investigating the cause of the decline and quickly realized that there were two possible explanations: environmental pollution or attacks by predators.
Initially, the pollution hypothesis seemed the more likely of the two.
The first reason why pollution seemed the more likely cause was that there were known sources of it along the Alaskan coast, such as oil rigs and other sources of industrial chemical pollution. Water samples from the area revealed increased levels of chemicals that could decrease the otters' resistance to life-threatening infections and thus could indirectly cause their deaths.
Second, other sea mammals such as seals and sea lions along the Alaskan coast were also declining, indicating that whatever had endangered the otters was affecting other sea mammals as well. This fact again pointed to environmental pollution, since it usually affects the entire ecosystem rather than a single species. Only widely occurring predators, such as the orca (a large predatory whale), could have the same effect, but orcas prefer to hunt much larger prey, such as other whales.
Third, scientists believed that the pollution hypothesis could also explain the uneven pattern of otter decline: at some Alaskan locations the otter populations declined greatly, while at others they remained stable. Some experts explained these observations by suggesting that ocean currents or other environmental factors may have created uneven concentrations of pollutants along the coast.
The reading is on sea otter declination and the reason for its reductions are environmental pollution. It provides three supporting ideas in order to prove its position. However, the lecturer support predation is the central reason for sea otter reduction. She eviscerates each of the reasons of the passage.
First, the passage states due to oil rigs and other chemical sea otters population declined. However, the professor refutes this. She says, if there was any death due to environmental pollution and industrial chemical, there would have found wash away sea otter body. So, the death is responsible due to the predator.
Second, the reading claims sea otter was the reason for seals and sea lions reduction. But, the lecturer denies this. She explains, as human hunts for wheal, the ocra is reason for sea otter, sea lions and seals predation.
Third, the passage proposes there was an uneven number of sea otters because the varying degree of pollution. The point is problematic with the professor position. She says, the varying number of sea otter because the uneven access of ocre in different location. The sea otter population depends on ocre predation.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 66, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'otters'' or 'otter's'?
Suggestion: otters'; otter's
... due to oil rigs and other chemical sea otters population declined. However, the profe...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 71, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'lions'' or 'lion's'?
Suggestion: lions'; lion's
... otter was the reason for seals and sea lions reduction. But, the lecturer denies thi...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, if, second, so, third
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 0.0 12.0772626932 0% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 9.0 22.412803532 40% => OK
Preposition: 15.0 30.3222958057 49% => More preposition wanted.
Nominalization: 14.0 5.01324503311 279% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 988.0 1373.03311258 72% => OK
No of words: 191.0 270.72406181 71% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.17277486911 5.08290768461 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.71756304063 4.04702891845 92% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.64189955027 2.5805825403 102% => OK
Unique words: 99.0 145.348785872 68% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.51832460733 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 299.7 419.366225166 71% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 12.0 8.23620309051 146% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 12.0 21.2450331126 56% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 30.0303550133 49.2860985944 61% => OK
Chars per sentence: 65.8666666667 110.228320801 60% => More chars_per_sentence wanted.
Words per sentence: 12.7333333333 21.698381199 59% => More words per sentence wanted.
Discourse Markers: 2.8 7.06452816374 40% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.261001036947 0.272083759551 96% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0969818568377 0.0996497079465 97% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0837688231547 0.0662205650399 126% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.171009800051 0.162205337803 105% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0368860596118 0.0443174109184 83% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 9.3 13.3589403974 70% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 59.3 53.8541721854 110% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.0 11.0289183223 73% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.82 12.2367328918 97% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.03 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 46.0 63.6247240618 72% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 6.0 10.7273730684 56% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 6.8 10.498013245 65% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 65.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 19.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.