TPO 32 Integrated Writing Task

In the reading passage, there are three explanations for a weird sound called quacker, which presented from the 1960s to the 1980s in North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean. However, in the lecture, the professor proposes three arguments to rebut the claims.

First, in the reading passage, the sound source comes from male and female orca whales which exploit the sound to attract each other. However, the speaker points out the weakness of the hypothesis. The area of orca whales is in the upper ocean which is contradicted where Russian submarines exist in the lower water areas. Therefore, it is impossible for Russian submarines to receive the sound of orca whales.

Second, the reading passage indicates that giant squids with high intelligence are able to emit sound. Besides, the information about giant squids is still mysterious. Nevertheless, the speaker demonstrates the evidence that squids are not the source of quacker. Due to the current presenting of giant squids, it is not possible to receive the sound only in the time frame from the 1960s to the 1980s.

Third, the paragraph asserts that submarines from other country may produce the weird sound. But, the speaker notices that the submarines should emit sound from the engine during navigating. Moreover, the direction of quacker is altered rapidly. Even with the current technology, it is not possible to build up a submarine with high flexibility and quiet engine.