Using the examples in the lecture, explain how the position of birds' eyes is critical to their survival.
1. Birds have some of the best vision capabilities in the animal kingdom.
2. Some bird species have vision that is eight to ten times greater than humans.
3. Overall a bird's eyes are extremely important for its survival.
4. One aspect of bird's eyes that plays a role in helping them survive, in other words to find food or to avoid predators, is the position of the eyes in the skull.
5. Some birds have eyes that face forward on the skull, kind of similar to how human's eyes are positioned.
6. Forward-facing eyes allow a bird to clearly see and judge distances because it can focus on objects with both of its eyes and correctly perceive height, width and depth.
7. One type of bird with eyes positioned in the front of the skull is the hawk.
8. Hawks eat animals like mice.
9. Hawks have such good eyesight that can spot a tiny mouse in the field from high up in the air.
10. They spot the mouse and swop down to catch it.
11. Without such good eyesight, they would not be able to spot or catch their food.
12. Other birds have eyes that are located on each side of the skull.
13. This positioning of the eyes can help a bird to avoid predators.
14. Instead for just seeing what's directly in front, they can see thing that are on either side, permitting them to watch for danger in all directions.
15. Imagine a duck waiting near the edge of a lake.
16. It needs to spend time eating grasses and insects.
17. But it also is on constant lookout for danger from it predator like the fox.
18. Any eye on each side of the duck's head allows it to see a fox approaching from either side.
19. If it spots a fox, it can they fly away to safety.
20. The placements of the eyes are critical in helping the duck avoid predators.
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 745.0 578.828451883 129% => OK
No of words: 177.0 151.265690377 117% => OK
Chars per words: 4.20903954802 3.82278263415 110% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.64748333727 3.50058242952 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.12765691226 1.80425224433 118% => OK
Unique words: 114.0 92.4686192469 123% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.64406779661 0.61298525976 105% => OK
Syllable count: 234.0 182.283891213 128% => OK
Avg_syllables_per_word: 1.3 1.20543933054 108% => OK
Performance on coherence:
Topic speech coherence ratio: 0.0882284652891 0.0839705835288 105% => OK
Acoustic performance on paragraphs:
How many acoustic paragraphs: 2.0 4.47071129707 45% => OK
Average paragraph length: 88.5 65.8948926009 134% => OK
STD paragraph length: 35.5 19.7758100068 180% => OK
Average paragraph duration: 29.335 25.5208953607 115% => OK
STD paragraph duration: 12.365 7.49434385956 165% => OK
Acoustic performance on sentences:
How many acoustic sentences: 34.0 42.9832635983 79% => OK
Average acoustic sentence length: 5.20588235294 3.78147595546 138% => OK
STD acoustic sentence length: 4.16412840795 2.94285465224 141% => OK
Average acoustic sentences duration: 1.61176470588 1.39386743896 116% => OK
STD acoustic sentences duration: 1.22096507294 0.967747756167 126% => OK
Acoustic performance on acoustic silence:(An acoustic silence means a little pause between two or more words)
How many acoustic silence: 32.0 40.4456066946 79% => OK
Total acoustic silence duration: 8.24 7.59280334728 109% => OK
Average acoustic silence duration: 0.2575 0.19053887516 135% => Maybe the pauses are too long.
STD acoustic silence duration: 0.242603070879 0.157467062838 154% => The duration of acoustic silence changes often. It may have hesitations.
Acoustic performance on acoustic words:
Total word duration: 45.16 46.3453556485 97% => OK
Average word duration: 0.255141242938 0.308780311121 83% => OK
STD word duration: 0.141641336431 0.201157623399 70% => OK
Disfluencies: like hesitations, or 'ehn' or taking a long time to pronounce a word:
How many disfluencies: 2.0 8.09623430962 25% => Good job, the lower, the better.
Total_disfluencies_duration: 1.35 6.56692468619 21% => Good job. The lower, the better.
Total acoustic noise duration: 3.08 3.53066945607 87% => OK
Acoustic rates:
Total speech duration: 58.67 59.5455230126 99% => OK
Compare to expected duration: 0.977833333333 0.992425383543 99% => OK
Rate of silence: 0.54542355548 0.681803438845 80% => OK
Rate of speech: 3.01687404125 2.53813033465 119% => OK
Rate of speech by unique words: 1.9430714164 1.55221717717 125% => OK
Rate of word duration by unique words: 2.5243578388 1.99939622689 126% => OK
Average articulation rates: 0.272147943503 0.309613076454 88% => OK
---------------------
Rates: 90.0 out of 100
Scores by speech e-grader: 27.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the speech e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas.