Altruism is a type of behavior in which an animal sacrifices its own interest for that
of another animal or group of animals. Altruism is the opposite of selfishness; individuals performing altruistic acts gain nothing for themselves.
Examples of altruism abound, both among humans and among other mammals. Unselfish acts among humans range from the sharing of food with strangers
to the donation of body organs to family members, and even to strangers. Such
acts are altruistic in that they benefit another, yet provide little reward to the one
performing the act.
In fact, many species of animals appear willing to sacrifice food, or even their
life, to assist other members of their group. The meerkat, which is a mammal that
dwells in burrows in grassland areas of Africa, is often cited as an example. In
groups of meerkats, an individual acts as a sentinel, standing guard and looking out
for predators while the others hunt for food or eat food they have obtained. If the
sentinel meerkat sees a predator such as a hawk approaching the group, it gives an
alarm cry alerting the other meerkats to run and seek shelter. By standing guard,
the sentinel meerkat gains nothing-it goes without food while the others eat, and
it places itself in grave danger. After it issues an alarm, it has to flee alone, which
might make it more at risk to a predator, since animals in groups are often able
to work together to fend off a predator. So the altruistic sentinel behavior helps
ensure the survival of other members of the meerkat's group.
The reading and the lecture are both about altruism a type of behavior in which an animal sacrifices its own interest for that of another animal or group of animals. Whereas reading states that in the group of meerkats, an individual acts as a sentinel, standing guard and looking out for predators while the others hunt for food or eat food they have obtained. The lecture suggest that meerkat might eat before standing as a guard and looking for predators. The lecture cast doubt on the main points made in the reading by providing two or three reasons.
First of all, according to the reading, if the sentinel meerkat sees the predators such as a hawk approaching the group, it gives alarm cry alerting the other meerkat to run and seek shelter. however, the lecture disputes this point. he/ she suggest that as the sentinel meerkat sees the predators, it gives alarm cry alerting the other meerkut to run will instead create more detrimental situation. Furthermore, he/ she mentions that it might possible that the meerkut who stands as guard might be closure to burrows and can rescue more easily compared to others and its alarm clock might more easily attract predators.
Secondly the reading states that unselfish acts among strangers to the donation of the body organ with the starangers is the example of altruism. Yet, provide little reward to the one performing the act. however, the lecture refutes this argument. he / she argues that it may be more than appreciation such as it may increase its self respects or it may get more rewards from society and society will start to appreciate him which may matter for many of the people.
In conclusion, although the reading and the lecture are both about the examples of altruism abound, the two/three points made in ding are effectively challenged by the lecture.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 375, Rule ID: MASS_AGREEMENT[2]
Message: Possible agreement error - use third-person verb forms for singular and mass nouns: 'suggests'.
Suggestion: suggests
...at food they have obtained. The lecture suggest that meerkat might eat before standing ...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...by providing two or three reasons. First of all, according to the reading, ...
^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 193, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: However
... other meerkat to run and seek shelter. however, the lecture disputes this point. he/ s...
^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 235, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...wever, the lecture disputes this point. he/ she suggest that as the sentinel meerk...
^^
Line 9, column 243, Rule ID: HE_VERB_AGR[1]
Message: The pronoun 'she' must be used with a third-person verb: 'suggests'.
Suggestion: suggests
...he lecture disputes this point. he/ she suggest that as the sentinel meerkat sees the p...
^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 572, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...e more easily compared to others and its alarm clock might more easily attract pr...
^^
Line 13, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ght more easily attract predators. Secondly the reading states that unselfi...
^^^^^^^
Line 17, column 205, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: However
...e reward to the one performing the act. however, the lecture refutes this argument. he ...
^^^^^^^
Line 17, column 249, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...ver, the lecture refutes this argument. he / she argues that it may be more than a...
^^
Line 21, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...may matter for many of the people. In conclusion, although the reading and ...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, furthermore, however, if, look, may, second, secondly, so, whereas, while, in conclusion, such as, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 6.0 10.4613686534 57% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 11.0 5.04856512141 218% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 12.0 7.30242825607 164% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 27.0 22.412803532 120% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 32.0 30.3222958057 106% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1544.0 1373.03311258 112% => OK
No of words: 311.0 270.72406181 115% => OK
Chars per words: 4.96463022508 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.19942759058 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.48929331269 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 160.0 145.348785872 110% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.514469453376 0.540411800872 95% => OK
syllable_count: 458.1 419.366225166 109% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 21.2450331126 108% => OK
Sentence length SD: 62.4172825407 49.2860985944 127% => OK
Chars per sentence: 118.769230769 110.228320801 108% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.9230769231 21.698381199 110% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.07692307692 7.06452816374 128% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 10.0 4.19205298013 239% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.234558198071 0.272083759551 86% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0856132043932 0.0996497079465 86% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.14654218821 0.0662205650399 221% => The coherence between sentences is low.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.137956307104 0.162205337803 85% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.118401267366 0.0443174109184 267% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.9 13.3589403974 104% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 56.59 53.8541721854 105% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.78 12.2367328918 96% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.18 8.42419426049 97% => OK
difficult_words: 67.0 63.6247240618 105% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 10.498013245 107% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 68.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 20.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.