The article discusses a fascinating topic pertaining to some arguments about Pterosaurs that they were not able to fly and provides three reasons of support. However, the professor casts doubt on this claim and opposes each of the author's reasons.
First, the reading discusses that the Pterosaures were cold- blooded which would have not been able to generate energy needed to fly. In contrast, the professor provides information that some recent discoveries suggest that the Pterosaurs had fur on their skin and the fur covering animals are warm-blooded to maintain high body temperature. He states that Pterosaurs like warm-blooded animals would have been able to generate energy needed to fly.
Second, the article pushes forth the idea that Pterosaurs were too heavy so they would not have been able to flap their wings to fly. According to the professor, the bones of Pterosaurs had a lot of hollows and it was not solid absolutely. Therefore, they were light in spite of large body.
Last but not the least, The reading posits that Pterosaurs had small back leg muscles. As a result, they could not run fast or jump high to launch and fly. The professor refutes this point by explaining that there are important differences between birds and Pterosaurs and the method that the reading explained is based on the birds. He states that Pterosaurs walked on four legs and they could use all four legs to push or jump not just two back legs, like birds. Consequently, they could run fast to launch.
The article discusses a fascinating topic pertaining to some arguments about Pterosaurs that they were not able to fly and provides three reasons of support. However, the professor casts doubt on this claim and opposes each of the author's reasons.
First, the reading discusses that the Pterosaures were cold- blooded which would have not been able to generate energy needed to fly. In contrast, the professor provides information that some recent discoveries suggest that the Pterosaurs had fur on their skin and the fur covering animals are warm-blooded to maintain high body temperature. He states that Pterosaurs like warm-blooded animals would have been able to generate energy needed to fly.
Second, the article pushes forth the idea that Pterosaurs were too heavy so they would not have been able to flap their wings to fly. According to the professor, the bones of Pterosaurs had a lot of hollows and it was not solid absolutely. Therefore, they were light in spite of large body.
Last but not the least, The reading posits that Pterosaurs had small back leg muscles. As a result, they could not run fast or jump high to launch and fly. The professor refutes this point by explaining that there are important differences between birds and Pterosaurs and the method that the reading explained is based on the birds. He states that Pterosaurs walked on four legs and they could use all four legs to push or jump not just two back legs, like birds. Consequently, they could run fast to launch.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, consequently, first, however, if, second, so, therefore, in contrast, as a result, in spite of
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 7.30242825607 151% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 22.412803532 103% => OK
Preposition: 28.0 30.3222958057 92% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1258.0 1373.03311258 92% => OK
No of words: 254.0 270.72406181 94% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.95275590551 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.99216450694 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.56516532803 2.5805825403 99% => OK
Unique words: 133.0 145.348785872 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.523622047244 0.540411800872 97% => OK
syllable_count: 370.8 419.366225166 88% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 46.5008748407 49.2860985944 94% => OK
Chars per sentence: 96.7692307692 110.228320801 88% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.5384615385 21.698381199 90% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.61538461538 7.06452816374 108% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.397231770196 0.272083759551 146% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.14248302539 0.0996497079465 143% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.181202934385 0.0662205650399 274% => The coherence between sentences is low.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.323316900177 0.162205337803 199% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.353484284166 0.0443174109184 798% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.7 13.3589403974 88% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 53.8541721854 113% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.43 12.2367328918 93% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.81 8.42419426049 93% => OK
difficult_words: 52.0 63.6247240618 82% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.