The golden frog is a small bright-yellow amphibian that lives in and around mountain streams in Panama The species is severely endangered because of a fungus that infects the frog through its skin and inhibits the frog's critical life functions, such as breathing. Conservationists have proposed a few solutions to the golden frog's fungus problem.
Bacterial Protection
First, scientists have identified a natural enemy of the fungus: a type of bacterium. This bacterium produces a chemical that kills fungal cells. Scientists think that they may be able to introduce colonies of this bacterium to the skin of golden frogs. The bacterial colonies would then protect the frogs against the fungus infection
Breeding Frogs in Captivity
Second, researchers are considering the possibility of breeding golden frogs in captivity and then releasing them in the wild to replenish wild populations The golden frog can develop disease-free in captivity; where it is isolated from the fungus When golden frogs bred in captivity are released in habitats where wild golden frogs have died out, the frogs bred in captivity will give rise to a healthy, fungus-free population.
A Natural Defense
Third, it is possible that golden frogs w川 overcome the threat posed by the fungus without human intervention. Some golden frogs have what seems to be a natural defense against the fungus. When infected, they increase their body temperature, which slows down the growth of the fungus If this ability to resist the fungal infection spreads among the golden frog population as a whole, the frog population is likely to overcome the crisis and start increasing again.
The golden frogs are species that live around the mountain streams, unfortunately, fungus infection put their heath in a critical situation these days. In the passage, the author concentrates on several arguments to prove that scientists can save the frogs' lives using special solutions. However, the lecturer cast doubt on these arguments and respectively points out the problems with all the author's assertions.
To begin with, according to the passage there is a natural enemy for fungus, special bacteria, that can protect frogs against fungus infection. However, the lecture highlights the fact that scientists introduced the bacteria to the frog skin and found out its effect is temporary. In fact, they do not have any permanent effect, moreover, they are effective just on the first day of breeding and after that stop being useful.
Furthermore, the reading raises another solution that breeding disease-free frogs in captivity and then releasing them is a good solution to compensate for frog loss in nature. Conversely, the lecturer brings up the fact that the new healthy frogs will be infected by fungus after a short time. Consequently, this plan does not work in this regard.
The last point discussed in the passage has to do with using natural defense. In this scenario, the frogs increase their body temperature when they are infected with fungus. Fungus growth declines due to rising temperature. On the contrary, the lecturer states that this idea has some drawbacks because when the frogs increase their body temperature they have to consume more energy which makes them more weak and vulnerable to disease.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
consequently, conversely, first, furthermore, however, moreover, so, then, as to, in fact, on the contrary, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 34.0 30.3222958057 112% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1372.0 1373.03311258 100% => OK
No of words: 262.0 270.72406181 97% => OK
Chars per words: 5.23664122137 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.02323427807 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.67364164628 2.5805825403 104% => OK
Unique words: 155.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.591603053435 0.540411800872 109% => OK
syllable_count: 416.7 419.366225166 99% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 44.6946245924 49.2860985944 91% => OK
Chars per sentence: 105.538461538 110.228320801 96% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.1538461538 21.698381199 93% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.30769230769 7.06452816374 132% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.262615701504 0.272083759551 97% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0923697543532 0.0996497079465 93% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0851476283045 0.0662205650399 129% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.156664415278 0.162205337803 97% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0476653362737 0.0443174109184 108% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.3 13.3589403974 100% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 51.18 53.8541721854 95% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.11 12.2367328918 107% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.61 8.42419426049 102% => OK
difficult_words: 66.0 63.6247240618 104% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 90 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 27 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.