Humans have long been fascinated by elephants, the largest land animal in the modern world. Social animals that live in herds, elephants are native to both Africa and Asia. Their large ears, long trunk, and long life span have made elephants one of the most captivating creatures on Earth. Our long-standing interest in elephants has led to several beliefs about surprising elephant behaviors.
Elephants Are Aware of Approaching Death
One of the popular beliefs is that when elephants become old and weak, they know that they are nearing the end of their lives. They demonstrate this by breaking away from their herds and going off alone to certain locations often found near bodies of water - so called "elephant graveyards" - to die alone. The idea that old elephants seem aware that they will die soon is supported by the discovery of many sites containing bones exclusively of elderly elephants.
Representing Objects through Art
Additionally, elephants seem to have artistic ability. Elephants can be taught to hold a paintbrush in their trunk and use it to paint on a canvas. Some elephants have been known to paint drawings that represent recognizable things: flowers, other elephants, even themselves. This talent makes elephants the only animal other than humans to produce art representing the world around them.
Fear of Mice
Finally, it has long been believed that elephants have a fear of mice. In 77 C.E., the Roman philosopher and scientist Pliny the Elder wrote that elephants are more afraid of mice, small mammals that can do elephants no harm, than of the much more dangerous animals with which elephants normally share an environment, such as lions or tigers. In a recent scientific experiment in which a herd of elephants was confronted with several mice, the elephants backed away from the mice and left the area to avoid them.
According to the reading, there are several beliefs that elephants have ability to know the end of their lives, are artistic and have a fear of mice. However, the lecturer brings up several points that contradict this argument.
First, the lecturer asserts that it is unlikely that elephants can aware of their death. This is because "elephant graveyard" is just a practical approach. As elephants are getting older and weaker, their teeth also become weak and thus they are difficult to chew. Since herds are soft vegetation and such vegetation tends to grow near water, they are likely to go near the water body. This counters the reading passage's claim that elephants have ability to know approaching death.
Second, the lecturer asserts that elephants do not have artistic ability. When they learn painting, a human trainer touching their ear, which makes elephants draw painting according to the stimulus. This counters the reading's assertion that elephants can paint drawings.
Finally, the lecturer argues that it is untrue that elephants have a fear of mice. The lecturer says that elephants are just unfamiliar with mice. In the condition that mice are rich such as a zoo, elephants no longer are not afraid of mice. This refutes the reading's claim that elephants show a fear of mice.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 9, column 91, Rule ID: AFFORD_VBG[1]
Message: This verb is used with infinitive: 'to paint'.
Suggestion: to paint
... have artistic ability. When they learn painting, a human trainer touching their ear, wh...
^^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 218, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'readings'' or 'reading's'?
Suggestion: readings'; reading's
...ding to the stimulus. This counters the readings assertion that elephants can paint draw...
^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, finally, first, however, if, second, so, thus, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 26.0 22.412803532 116% => OK
Preposition: 19.0 30.3222958057 63% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1105.0 1373.03311258 80% => OK
No of words: 214.0 270.72406181 79% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.16355140187 5.08290768461 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.82475343497 4.04702891845 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.56836390403 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 110.0 145.348785872 76% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.514018691589 0.540411800872 95% => OK
syllable_count: 333.0 419.366225166 79% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 24.1881443383 49.2860985944 49% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 78.9285714286 110.228320801 72% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.2857142857 21.698381199 70% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.28571428571 7.06452816374 61% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.167413344152 0.272083759551 62% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0703469073434 0.0996497079465 71% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.041051709697 0.0662205650399 62% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.113533437631 0.162205337803 70% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0118685344795 0.0443174109184 27% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.5 13.3589403974 79% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 56.25 53.8541721854 104% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.06 12.2367328918 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.7 8.42419426049 91% => OK
difficult_words: 45.0 63.6247240618 71% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 10.7273730684 79% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 63.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 19.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.