The Little Ice Age was a period of unusually cold temperature in many parts of the world that lasted from about the year 1350 until 1900C.E.. There were unusually harsh winters, and glaciers grew larger in many areas. Scientists have long wondered what ca
Based on the given materials, the article as well as the lecture discuss little ice age which was a strange cold weather with rough winters, during 1350 until 1900 CE. The author states that there are some possible reasons for this phenomenon.
Initially, the author says that disruption of Gulf Stream may be one of the reasons for the little ice age. Since it was strangely warm during that period, huge amounts of freshwater were sent to Gulf Stream by melted glaciers; it counts as a disruptive factor. However, the lecturer explains that disruption of Gulf Stream is significant in northern hemispheres, such as Europe and North America. But, based on the up-to-dated information, the little ice age has been seen in southern regions too, like New Zealand and South Africa, which did not have any disruptions. So, it cannot be a reliable factor.
Secondly, the writer proclaims that volcanic eruption may be another consequence of the Little Ice Age. Volcanoes had released dark clouds of dust and sulfur gas during eruption, and these clouds blocked reaching the sunlight. As a result, it decreased the temperature. Yet again, the speaker underscores that volcanic eruptions have some another visual signs such as colorful sunset or grey snow, which none of them were reported. It proves that there was not enough dust to lower the temperature.
The final point of contention between the reading and the passage is significant decreases in human population. The author thinks that the lower human population, the lower consumption of fields for agricultures. So, plants started to grow and attract more carbon dioxides, which counted as a warming factor before. On the other hand, the speaker explains that the mentioned population decrease would not have been consistent, and after a while it returned to former amounts. Forests started to be used for agricultures and feeding plans. So, it was not long enough to cause a long-term global cooling climate.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, however, if, may, second, secondly, so, well, while, such as, as a result, as well as, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 10.0 7.30242825607 137% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 34.0 30.3222958057 112% => OK
Nominalization: 11.0 5.01324503311 219% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1648.0 1373.03311258 120% => OK
No of words: 322.0 270.72406181 119% => OK
Chars per words: 5.11801242236 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.23607819155 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.67003455522 2.5805825403 103% => OK
Unique words: 189.0 145.348785872 130% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.586956521739 0.540411800872 109% => OK
syllable_count: 500.4 419.366225166 119% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 42.1424685362 49.2860985944 86% => OK
Chars per sentence: 91.5555555556 110.228320801 83% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.8888888889 21.698381199 82% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.05555555556 7.06452816374 86% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.130522619754 0.272083759551 48% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0347775351602 0.0996497079465 35% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0441031492596 0.0662205650399 67% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0820217703722 0.162205337803 51% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0360214433093 0.0443174109184 81% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.6 13.3589403974 87% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 54.22 53.8541721854 101% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.12 12.2367328918 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.89 8.42419426049 106% => OK
difficult_words: 90.0 63.6247240618 141% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 81.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.