Many countries require cigarette smokers to pay particularly high taxes on their purchases of cigarettes; similar taxes are being considered for unhealthy foods. The policy of imposing high taxes on cigarettes and other unhealthy products has a number of social benefits.
First of all, the taxes discourage people from indulging in unhealthy behaviors. Raising taxes on cigarettes, for instance, leads people to buy fewer of them. Smoking has declined as taxes on tobacco have risen, showing that these taxes do work to make society healthier. It can be expected that imposing similar taxes on unhealthy food and beverages would help reduce obesity rates.
Second, taxes of this kind are financially fair. When people get sick as a result of their smoking or eating unhealthy foods, they create medical costs. It is unfair that everyone in the society, including nonsmokers and people who follow a healthy diet, should contribute equally to covering these costs. Taxing people who engage in unhealthy behaviors creates extra income that can be used to cover the medical costs. In this way, some of the financial burden is shifted from all of society to just those who choose to participate in the unhealthy activities.
Finally, the high rate of taxation on cigarettes significantly increases revenue for the government. In addition to using this tax revenue on medical assistance, governments often use the revenue for other projects that benefit public welfare, such as building stadiums or creating public parks. Even basic government-supported services like public education benefit from these taxes. Thus, the taxes on cigarettes, and the proposed taxes on unhealthy foods, benefit everyone.
The reading and the lecture are both about increasing taxes for smokers and unhealthy diets, which some people use regularly. The author of the reading believes there are three reasons why it's beneficial to society. The lecturer challenges that statements made by the author. she is of the opinion that it has many downsides.
First of all, the author suggests that higher taxes will prevent people from participating in those unhealthy lifestyles. it is mentioned that smoking has decreased as taxes have become higher. Moreover, such higher taxes also would be effective against unhealthy foods. The argument is refuted by the lecturer. she says high cigarettes value would lead people to buy cheaper and more toxic cigarettes to buy. Furthermore, she argues that even the prices of unhealthy foods increase, people would still buy, and in turn, they would have less money to buy health foods.
Secondly, the article posits that this type of taxes are economically justified. The author notes people who don't smoke and buy unhealthy foods still pay taxes that are used for treating smokers and unhealthy food eaters. So such people paying high taxes is right. The lecturer, however, rebuts this by asserting that such taxes are unfair for people who had different incomes. she elaborates on this by mentioning that paying same taxes is a great expanse for people who had low income.
Finally, it is stated in the reading that the government income would be increased by the high taxes on smokers. The author establishes that the government use the money for other projects such as supporting public education and etc. The lecturer, on the other hand, opposes that such money would be count in millions of dollars and the government won't want to lose such revenue. she puts forth the idea that the government won't likely push policies against smokers and make smoking places for them because they want the money.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 217, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
... reasons why its beneficial to society. The lecturer challenges that statements mad...
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Line 1, column 277, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
...ges that statements made by the author. she is of the opinion that it has many dow...
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Line 1, column 315, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
.... she is of the opinion that it has many downsides. First of all, the author s...
^^
Line 3, column 123, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...cipating in those unhealthy lifestyles. it is mentioned that smoking has decreased...
^^
Line 3, column 313, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
...he argument is refuted by the lecturer. she says high cigarettes value would lead p...
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Line 5, column 110, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
... justified. The author notes people who dont smoke and buy unhealthy foods still pay...
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Line 5, column 379, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
...r for people who had different incomes. she elaborates on this by mentioning that p...
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Line 7, column 226, Rule ID: AND_ETC[1]
Message: Use simply 'etc.'.
Suggestion: etc.
...cts such as supporting public education and etc. The lecturer, on the other hand, oppose...
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Line 7, column 381, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
...ernment wont want to lose such revenue. she puts forth the idea that the government...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, furthermore, however, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, still, such as, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 5.04856512141 139% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 7.30242825607 123% => OK
Relative clauses : 17.0 12.0772626932 141% => OK
Pronoun: 29.0 22.412803532 129% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 27.0 30.3222958057 89% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1602.0 1373.03311258 117% => OK
No of words: 318.0 270.72406181 117% => OK
Chars per words: 5.03773584906 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.22286093782 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.43337104613 2.5805825403 94% => OK
Unique words: 164.0 145.348785872 113% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.51572327044 0.540411800872 95% => OK
syllable_count: 487.8 419.366225166 116% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 3.25607064018 246% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 13.0662251656 145% => OK
Sentence length: 16.0 21.2450331126 75% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 35.6314623336 49.2860985944 72% => OK
Chars per sentence: 84.3157894737 110.228320801 76% => OK
Words per sentence: 16.7368421053 21.698381199 77% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.94736842105 7.06452816374 98% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 9.0 4.19205298013 215% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 4.33554083885 208% => Less positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.306692768289 0.272083759551 113% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0983611565089 0.0996497079465 99% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.070307422898 0.0662205650399 106% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.178079326777 0.162205337803 110% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0582721088391 0.0443174109184 131% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.7 13.3589403974 80% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 63.7 53.8541721854 118% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.4 11.0289183223 76% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.66 12.2367328918 95% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.86 8.42419426049 93% => OK
difficult_words: 69.0 63.6247240618 108% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 5.5 10.7273730684 51% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 8.4 10.498013245 80% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.