In the past century, the steady growth of the human population and the corresponding increase in agriculture and pesticide use have caused much harm to wildlife in the United States,birds in particular. Unfortunately for birds, these trends are likely to continue, with the result that the number of birds in the United States will necessarily decline.
First, as human populations and settlements continue to expand, birds' natural habitats will continue to disappear. Forests, wetlands, and grasslands will give way to ever more homes, malls, and offices. As the traditional areas suitable for birds keep decreasing, so will the size of the bird populations that depend on those vanishing habitats.
Second, agricultural activities must increase to keep pace with the growing human population. The growth of agriculture will also result in the further destruction of bird habitats as more and more wilderness areas are converted to agricultural use. As a result, bird populations in rural areas will continue to decline.
Third, as human settlements expand and agriculture increases, the use ofchemical pesticides will also increase. Pesticides are poisons designed to kill agricultural and home garden pests, such as insects, but inevitably, pesticides get into the water and into the food chain for birds where they can harm birds. Birds that eat the poisoned insects or drink contaminated water can die as a result, and even if pesticides do not kill birds outright, they can prevent them from reproducing successfully. So pesticides have significantly contributed to declines in bird population, and because there will continue to be a need to control agricultural pests in the future, this decline will continue.
The reading and listening have a conflict of opinions about the bird population decline. The author believes it is inevitable while the speaker holds the opposite view.
First, the author states that the unavoidable human population growth likely leads to less habitat for birds and therefore cause a decrese in the bird population. The speaker refutes this point by explaining that human spread will only have an effect on certain bird specious. And all other types will grow as the human population grows. According to the speaker, we have more birds like seagull and pigeon or even falcon now than ever before.
Next, the author points out as a result of the human population growth, we will have an expansion of agriculture in order to support our foods and thus even more urban interface. The speaker opposes this by saying that the modern agriculture has used fewer lands to produce the same amount or even more food as before. Due to this point, the made argument by the author is not valid.
Lastly, the author explains that the agriculture growth will lead to using more chemical pesticides that affect bird population by killing them or make them sterile. The speaker explains that it is wrong to project the past into the future. According to the speaker, there are new pesticides that have no harm to birds and more importantly, there is this trend to use pest-resistant trees instead of pesticides. These trees won't interest any insects or pests and have no danger to birds.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, lastly, therefore, thus, while, as a result
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 5.0 10.4613686534 48% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 7.30242825607 151% => OK
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 30.0 30.3222958057 99% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 5.01324503311 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1243.0 1373.03311258 91% => OK
No of words: 254.0 270.72406181 94% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.8937007874 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.99216450694 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.4758771698 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 141.0 145.348785872 97% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.555118110236 0.540411800872 103% => OK
syllable_count: 389.7 419.366225166 93% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 42.3123074406 49.2860985944 86% => OK
Chars per sentence: 95.6153846154 110.228320801 87% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.5384615385 21.698381199 90% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.84615384615 7.06452816374 54% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.267502492382 0.272083759551 98% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.091788169324 0.0996497079465 92% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0603235117738 0.0662205650399 91% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.15402122714 0.162205337803 95% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0660646646979 0.0443174109184 149% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.4 13.3589403974 85% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 53.8541721854 113% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.08 12.2367328918 91% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.81 8.42419426049 93% => OK
difficult_words: 52.0 63.6247240618 82% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 10.7273730684 79% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 65.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 19.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.