Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters. However, there are doubts whether some paintings attributed to Rembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting is known as "Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet." The painting was attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed the representation of the woman’s face is very much like that of portraits known to be by Rembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it could not be a work by Rembrandt.
First, there is something inconsistent about the way the woman in the portrait is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that only servants would wear—yet the coat she is wearing has a luxurious fur collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attention to the details of his subjects’ clothing, would not have been guilty of such inconsistency.
Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and shadow, but in this painting, these elements do not fit together. The face appears to be illuminated by light reflected onto it from below. But below the face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So the face should appear partially in shadow—which is not how it appears. Rembrandt would never have made such an error.
Finally, examination of the back of the painting reveals that it was painted on a panel made of several pieces
The reading states that the painting "Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet" painted by Rembrandt, who is a famous seventeenth-century Dutch painter, faced three problems which cast doubts whether the painting is created by Rembrandt or not. The professor in the listening then explains that the problems are true but the investigation has confirmed that the painting is originally painted by Rembrandt, by addressing each problem.
First and foremost, the passage begins by asserting that this painting has an inconsistency in the dress of the woman and it is not clearly depicted either the woman is elite or servent. The linen cap and luxurious fur collar she is wearing, cast a doubt about its painter. The professor addresses that after a thorough examination, it was seen that the fur collar was pasted on the original painting. It was not part of Rembrandt's original work. Someone attached that luxurious fur collar in order to make the woman look formal so that he could sell it for a high price. Rembrandt has a consistency in his drawings so before that fur collar, the drawing was predictable. Therefore, it was clarified that the painting is of Rembrandt.
Secondly, the article further mentions details that the woman's face was illuminated even with the dark fur collar which cast doubt because Rembrandt would not have made such an error. The professor in the listening points out that when the fur collar was removed from the painting, the woman was wearing a simple light color cloth that does not cast a shadow. That's why her face was bright and illuminated. The effect of light and shadow was realistic in the original painting which is a style of Rembrandt's painting. This is how researchers solved the problem.
Finally, the third doubt written in the reading is that when the back of the painting was seen, it was observed that the pieces of the wood panel were combined together with glue which left the observers in doubt. The professor addresses this problem that the pieces of wood were being attached to the top and sides of the painting to make it look huge and expensive. The original painting that Rembrandt made was on a single piece of wood. In fact, the wood Rembrandt used in the original panel was from the same tree from where he used the wood for his self-portrait with a hat. The same material of the panel clarified the doubt about "Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet" and cleared the reputation of Rembrandt.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 361, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: That's
...olor cloth that does not cast a shadow. Thats why her face was bright and illuminated...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, if, look, second, secondly, so, then, therefore, third, in fact
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 28.0 10.4613686534 268% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 7.30242825607 151% => OK
Relative clauses : 25.0 12.0772626932 207% => Less relative clauses wanted (maybe 'which' is over used).
Pronoun: 34.0 22.412803532 152% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 48.0 30.3222958057 158% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2083.0 1373.03311258 152% => OK
No of words: 425.0 270.72406181 157% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.90117647059 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.54043259262 4.04702891845 112% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.75952355348 2.5805825403 107% => OK
Unique words: 189.0 145.348785872 130% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.444705882353 0.540411800872 82% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 613.8 419.366225166 146% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 15.0 8.23620309051 182% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 13.0662251656 145% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 60.6441416079 49.2860985944 123% => OK
Chars per sentence: 109.631578947 110.228320801 99% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.3684210526 21.698381199 103% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.42105263158 7.06452816374 63% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 9.0 4.45695364238 202% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.325307819396 0.272083759551 120% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.113699171516 0.0996497079465 114% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.117467084194 0.0662205650399 177% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.236763286767 0.162205337803 146% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.139408624135 0.0443174109184 315% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.8 13.3589403974 96% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 66.07 53.8541721854 123% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.44 12.2367328918 93% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.77 8.42419426049 92% => OK
difficult_words: 82.0 63.6247240618 129% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 19.0 10.7273730684 177% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.