Sea otters are a small mammal that lives in the waters along North America's west coast from California to Alaska. A few years ago some of the sea otter populations off of the Alaskan coast started to decline rapidly and raised several concerns because of their important role in the coastal ecosystem. Experts began investigating and came up with two possible explanations. One explanation was environmental pollution and the second was attacks by predators.
At first it seemed as if the pollution was the most likely cause for the population decline. One reason pollution was more likely was because of the known pollution sources along the Alaskan coast such as oil rigs. Also water samples taken in the area showed increased levels of chemicals that could decrease the otters' immune systems and indirectly result in their deaths.
Another thing that pointed to pollution as the culprit was the decline of other sea mammals such as seals in the same areas. This indicated that whatever was affecting the otters was also affecting the other sea mammals. Environmental pollution usually affects an entire ecosystem instead of just one species. Only predators that occurred in a large area, such as orcas (a large predatory whale), could cause the same effect, but they usually hunt larger prey.
Finally, scientists believed the pollution hypothesis would also explain the uneven pattern of otter decline. In some Alaskan locations the otter population declined greatly while other populations remained stable. Some experts suggested this could be explained by ocean currents, or other environmental factor, might have created uneven concentrations of pollutants along the coast
The article states that few years ago some of the sea otter populations in the Alaska coast started to decline rapidly due to pollution, and the author explain different reasons in favor of the pollution hypothesis. However, in the lecture the professor states that the cause of the declination of the sea otter population is not the pollution but the predators and repudiates each of the reasons of the author.
First, the author of the article claims that pollution was the most likely to cause the population decline. However, the professor refutes it by saying that predators are the main reason for the otter declination. He states that there was less amount of otter dead body in the coast. It proves that the predators ate the otters, and for this reason, less amount of dead body washed in the coast.
Second, the reading states that due the the environmental pollution the population of other mammals also declined. In the contrary, the professor says that the main cause of the decrease in the population of the other mammals is the orcas, which is a predator use attack whale. However, there was a lack of whales in that region. For this reason, orcas used to attack the smaller mammals and ate them.
Finally, the passage posits that pollution is the reason for the uneven declination of the sea otter. Nevertheless, the professor opposes it by explaining that orcas more likely to attacked the shallow water otters, so there was less or no decrease in the otter population in the rocky region, and this is the reason for the the uneven declination of the otter in the Alaska according to the professor.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 39, Rule ID: SOME_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'some'.
Suggestion: some
The article states that few years ago some of the sea otter populations in the Alaska coa...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 37, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: the
... Second, the reading states that due the the environmental pollution the population ...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 37, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: the; the
... Second, the reading states that due the the environmental pollution the population ...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 246, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...of the other mammals is the orcas, which is a predator use attack whale. However,...
^^
Line 7, column 322, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: the
...ocky region, and this is the reason for the the uneven declination of the otter in the ...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 322, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: the; the
...ocky region, and this is the reason for the the uneven declination of the otter in the ...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, however, if, nevertheless, second, so
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 5.04856512141 0% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 34.0 30.3222958057 112% => OK
Nominalization: 15.0 5.01324503311 299% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1346.0 1373.03311258 98% => OK
No of words: 279.0 270.72406181 103% => OK
Chars per words: 4.82437275986 5.08290768461 95% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.08696624509 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.56084599207 2.5805825403 99% => OK
Unique words: 113.0 145.348785872 78% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.405017921147 0.540411800872 75% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 426.6 419.366225166 102% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 21.2450331126 108% => OK
Sentence length SD: 69.1297090018 49.2860985944 140% => OK
Chars per sentence: 112.166666667 110.228320801 102% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.25 21.698381199 107% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.33333333333 7.06452816374 75% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.238041020959 0.272083759551 87% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0972631174215 0.0996497079465 98% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0925348346261 0.0662205650399 140% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.163475844813 0.162205337803 101% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0975982887437 0.0443174109184 220% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.9 13.3589403974 97% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 56.59 53.8541721854 105% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.97 12.2367328918 90% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.72 8.42419426049 92% => OK
difficult_words: 52.0 63.6247240618 82% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 10.7273730684 131% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 10.498013245 107% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.