The article of the reading states that little ice age caused many harsh winters and glaciers, and provides three reasons to support what caused the little ice age. However, the lecturer says that the information provided in the reading is out of date and refutes each of the author's points.
First, the article conveys that the cooling would have been caused because of the destruction of the ocean currents by gulf streams. Nevertheless, the professor refutes this point by saying that disruption of ocean currents has occurred in the European, northern and southern parts of Africa if the fresh water disrupts the gulf stream then these parts would also be affected.
Second, the text claims that volcanic eruption would have caused the ice age. On the other hand, the professor opposes this point by explaining that there could have been visual effects like a sunset, snow turning brown or grey instead of white. But there are no such reports of these changes. Hence, it is not strong enough to reduce the temperature.
Third, the reading explains that the decline of the human population would also be a reason to cool the climate because of more forests. However, the lecturer says that there is more population and people cut the forests to cultivate their crops for food. Therefore, forests are not enough for the cooling climate.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, hence, however, if, nevertheless, second, so, then, therefore, third, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 8.0 12.0772626932 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 14.0 22.412803532 62% => OK
Preposition: 22.0 30.3222958057 73% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1122.0 1373.03311258 82% => OK
No of words: 225.0 270.72406181 83% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.98666666667 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.87298334621 4.04702891845 96% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.3399905033 2.5805825403 91% => OK
Unique words: 128.0 145.348785872 88% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.568888888889 0.540411800872 105% => OK
syllable_count: 333.9 419.366225166 80% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 56.097760006 49.2860985944 114% => OK
Chars per sentence: 102.0 110.228320801 93% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.4545454545 21.698381199 94% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.54545454545 7.06452816374 135% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.322610337325 0.272083759551 119% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.109287722618 0.0996497079465 110% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0982817079451 0.0662205650399 148% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.175192657021 0.162205337803 108% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0512657723315 0.0443174109184 116% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.3 13.3589403974 92% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 59.64 53.8541721854 111% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.66 12.2367328918 95% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.07 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 49.0 63.6247240618 77% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.