TPO 36- Hail—pieces of ice that form and fall from clouds instead of snow or rain—has always been a problem for farmers in some areas of the United States. Hail pellets can fall with great force and destroy crops in the field. Over the last few decades, a method of reducing hail, called “cloud seeding,” has been tried. In cloud seeding, the chemical silver iodide is sprayed on storm clouds from an airplane. This makes the clouds produce harmless rain or snow instead of hail. Several pieces of evidence suggest that cloud seeding has been effective in protecting crops from hail.
The reading and lecture are both about cloud seeding. The article states that cloud seeding is an effective method in protecting crops from hail. However, the lecturer casts doubts about the claims made in the article, saying that cloud seeding is not useful.
First of all, the author points out that in conducting laboratory experiment cloud seeding is effective. The article notes that when silver iodide is added to cold water vapor then light snow will form instead of hail. Conversely, the point is challenged by the lecturer. She says that silver iodide combined with cold water vapor has negative effect because it prevent any precipitation in clouds. Furthermore, she argues that when cloud seeding is conducted in areas where there are limited rainfall, thus, there will be risk for drought and crops will die due to lack of water.
Secondly, the author contends that cloud seeding is effective in urban areas in Asian countries. The article establishes that cloud seeding will also have favorable results in farm lands in the United States. On the contrary, the lecturer rebuts this argument. He suggests that cloud seeding only works in an environment where there are air pollution, car traffic and congestion. Moreover, he elaborates on this by mentioning that cloud seeding will not possibly work in farm area in the U.S because it has clean and fresh air, so precipitation will not occur.
Finally, the author states that in a local study in farm region in central United states they monitored crop damage due to hail. The article denotes damaged to the area where hail occurs drastically dropped when the method of cloud seeding was used. The lecturer, on the other hand, posits that the study is not convincing. In addition, the study in hail damage did not just dropped in area where cloud seeding took place. He puts forth the idea that the whole region has decrease hail storm in that year resulted in natural variation in local weather and nothing to do with cloud seeding.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 363, Rule ID: IT_VBZ[1]
Message: Did you mean 'prevents'?
Suggestion: prevents
...er vapor has negative effect because it prevent any precipitation in clouds. Furthermor...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 491, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: S
...not possibly work in farm area in the U.S because it has clean and fresh air, so ...
^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, conversely, finally, first, furthermore, however, moreover, second, secondly, so, then, thus, in addition, first of all, on the contrary, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 21.0 12.0772626932 174% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 41.0 30.3222958057 135% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 5.01324503311 180% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1668.0 1373.03311258 121% => OK
No of words: 336.0 270.72406181 124% => OK
Chars per words: 4.96428571429 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.28139028586 4.04702891845 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.39685167651 2.5805825403 93% => OK
Unique words: 174.0 145.348785872 120% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.517857142857 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 504.0 419.366225166 120% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 13.0 8.23620309051 158% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 38.0336108666 49.2860985944 77% => OK
Chars per sentence: 92.6666666667 110.228320801 84% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.6666666667 21.698381199 86% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.22222222222 7.06452816374 131% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 4.33554083885 185% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.159506141357 0.272083759551 59% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0537250870503 0.0996497079465 54% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0408006150207 0.0662205650399 62% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.101791123601 0.162205337803 63% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0248821957585 0.0443174109184 56% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.3 13.3589403974 85% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 61.67 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.49 12.2367328918 94% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.15 8.42419426049 97% => OK
difficult_words: 77.0 63.6247240618 121% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 10.7273730684 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.