The reading states the there is a debate between researchers that pterosaurs have the ability to fly or not and provide 3 reasons for support. The lecturer, however, finds all the ideas dubious and provide some evidence to refute them all.
First, the article discusses that the pterosaurs are cool-blooded animals and they have unable to fly due to the slow metabolism of their body. In contrast, the professor opposes this issue by explaining that the fossil records demonstrate that there is plenty of volume of hair that covered the pterosaur's body like some animal's fair. Furthermore, she explains that they need these fears and hairs in order to maintain their body temperature high, and as a result, they have more energy to flight.
Second, the author posits that pterosaurs could not fly because of their body weight. Moreover, the reading states that it is much heavier to make the pterosaur capable enough to keep airborne. On the contrary, the speaker dismisses this issue due to the fact that despite their body scale, the pterosaurs are not as heavy as they seem. Again, the fossil records show that their bones are hollow and are not solid and this makes them light enough to fly.
Finally, the reading passage holds the view that the pterosaurs back legs are small and weak to have the ability to push the ground in order to fly. Conversely, the professor underlines the fact that they are different from birds and they have 4 legs and they use all their 4 legs to push back the ground and fly. In this way, they have no trouble to be launched by their legs into the air.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
conversely, finally, first, furthermore, however, if, moreover, second, so, in contrast, as a result, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 12.0 7.30242825607 164% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 36.0 22.412803532 161% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 31.0 30.3222958057 102% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1316.0 1373.03311258 96% => OK
No of words: 279.0 270.72406181 103% => OK
Chars per words: 4.71684587814 5.08290768461 93% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.08696624509 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.33149644978 2.5805825403 90% => OK
Unique words: 139.0 145.348785872 96% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.498207885305 0.540411800872 92% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 399.6 419.366225166 95% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 21.2450331126 108% => OK
Sentence length SD: 33.4949208422 49.2860985944 68% => OK
Chars per sentence: 109.666666667 110.228320801 99% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.25 21.698381199 107% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.75 7.06452816374 138% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.313843270275 0.272083759551 115% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.123039608799 0.0996497079465 123% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0518882950681 0.0662205650399 78% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.184747335059 0.162205337803 114% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0515536816328 0.0443174109184 116% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.4 13.3589403974 93% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 65.05 53.8541721854 121% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.39 12.2367328918 85% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.95 8.42419426049 94% => OK
difficult_words: 56.0 63.6247240618 88% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 10.498013245 107% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.