Reading and lecture are both about the humpback whales, and if whether or not they migrate long distances by the stars. The article states that humpback whales use this system of navigation, providing three reasons of support. The lecturer, however, casts doubt on the claims made by the writer, asserting that his evidence is not convincing when compared with reality.
First, intelligence is not related to the cognitive ability, because there are another animals and birds that have average intelligence and still have cognitive abilities. The author gives the example of the duck, which has developed such abilities, even though its brain is not very complex. This standpoint contradicts the passage.
Second, the phenomenon of migrating in straight lines has another logical explanation. The writer affirms that they swim following straight routes because humpback whales use stars as a point of reference. Anyway, the lecturer refutes this argument, adding that whales' brain contains biomagnetic, which is an element that detects Earth's magnetic field. Furthermore, a great variety of animals use magnetic fields to orientate in space, and therefore he suggests that magnetic fields are responsible when whales navigate in a straight direction.
Third, spy-hopping has nothing to do with star watching. The passage underlines that whales are sometimes swimming looking upward, in order to guide using the stars. But, the author rejects this idea, saying that humpback whales exhibit this behavior during the day as well, and thus it does not support the author's point of view. Moreover, some animals behave the same when hunting, so there might be numerous reasons for which animals are spy-hoping. This fact rejects another point made by the writer.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 64, Rule ID: WHETHER[7]
Message: Perhaps you can shorten this phrase to just 'whether'. It is correct though if you mean 'regardless of whether'.
Suggestion: whether
... both about the humpback whales, and if whether or not they migrate long distances by the star...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
anyway, but, first, furthermore, however, if, look, moreover, second, so, still, therefore, third, thus, well
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 21.0 22.412803532 94% => OK
Preposition: 23.0 30.3222958057 76% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 5.01324503311 180% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1495.0 1373.03311258 109% => OK
No of words: 275.0 270.72406181 102% => OK
Chars per words: 5.43636363636 5.08290768461 107% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.07223819929 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.56881231199 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 168.0 145.348785872 116% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.610909090909 0.540411800872 113% => OK
syllable_count: 451.8 419.366225166 108% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 42.6215386343 49.2860985944 86% => OK
Chars per sentence: 99.6666666667 110.228320801 90% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.3333333333 21.698381199 84% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.26666666667 7.06452816374 103% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.373985668657 0.272083759551 137% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.107265826212 0.0996497079465 108% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0673744575605 0.0662205650399 102% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.200937923028 0.162205337803 124% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0591059431034 0.0443174109184 133% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.4 13.3589403974 100% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 53.21 53.8541721854 99% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.27 12.2367328918 117% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.35 8.42419426049 111% => OK
difficult_words: 84.0 63.6247240618 132% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 10.7273730684 107% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 90.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 27.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.