Airline industry representatives have recently argued that flying is safer than driving, citing two separate studies. First, US statistics show that each year there are approximately 40,000 deaths in automobile accidents versus only approximately 200 in flight accidents. Second, studies indicate that pilots are four times less likely than average to have accidents on the road.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to determine whether the argument is reasonable. Be sure to explain what effects the answers to these questions would have on the validity of the argument.
The representatives of the Airline industry have mention two studies that project number of accidents as a measure of safety and skills of a pilot. It will be interesting to know firstly how unbiased is the report considering the fact that it was presented by representatives of the Airline industry who would invariably like to project Airway as a better option to travel.
Discussing the point presented the number of casualties in Airlines is lower compared to those in automobile. The study however, does not define the cause of these deaths in either case. It is not clear whether those 40,000 deaths were caused by negligence of drivers alone or any other reasons. In many cases deaths of pedestrians may also get reported as automobile accidents. It is also not clear that how many of these automobile deaths were due to people not following rules. The government has put in places signboards, traffic signals and other infrastructure to educate and ensure safety. And if anyone is not following them then it is a risk caused by the individual and cannot be blamed on the automobile transportation. Government makes sure that all vehicles undergo minimum safety checks before coming on road. This is to ensure that there are no fatalities during accidents. The study does not mention any of these questions and therefore its relevance is undermined.
The other study mentions that pilots are less likely than average to have accidents on roads. This statement intends to prove the point that it is safer to have pilots, as they are safe drivers less prone to accidents. This argument has serious flaws in its assumptions. Firstly, it does not mention how many pilots did it included in the survey. Were all of them drivers? How frequently did they drive? Because if one has flying a plane as an occupation the chances are that he would not be spending time driving automobile on road as frequent as any other individual. This would reduce their chances of being in an accident accordingly.
Also, the representatives have not taken into account the point that the rate of survival after being into an accident is also an indicator of safety. What are the chances of fatality in an Airline accident versus an automobile accident? If it were more then it would be better to travel via automobile instead of an Airline.
The studies put forth by the Airline industry representatives look incomplete, providing superficial information. An in depth analysis of all dimensions of the safety is needed to support the claims of the Airline industry without which the argument stated does not hold ground.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 7, column 239, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...accident versus an automobile accident? If it were more then it would be better to...
^^
Line 7, column 255, Rule ID: COMP_THAN[2]
Message: Comparison requires 'than', not 'then' nor 'as'.
Suggestion: than
...an automobile accident? If it were more then it would be better to travel via automo...
^^^^
Discourse Markers used:
['accordingly', 'also', 'first', 'firstly', 'however', 'if', 'look', 'may', 'so', 'then', 'therefore', 'in many cases']
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance in Part of Speech:
Nouns: 0.246808510638 0.25644967241 96% => OK
Verbs: 0.185106382979 0.15541462614 119% => OK
Adjectives: 0.0553191489362 0.0836205057962 66% => OK
Adverbs: 0.0659574468085 0.0520304965353 127% => OK
Pronouns: 0.0382978723404 0.0272364105082 141% => Less pronouns wanted. Try not to use 'you, I, they, he...' as the subject of a sentence
Prepositions: 0.13829787234 0.125424944231 110% => OK
Participles: 0.0468085106383 0.0416121511921 112% => OK
Conjunctions: 2.82931895804 2.79052419416 101% => OK
Infinitives: 0.0276595744681 0.026700313972 104% => OK
Particles: 0.0 0.001811407834 0% => OK
Determiners: 0.121276595745 0.113004496875 107% => OK
Modal_auxiliary: 0.0148936170213 0.0255425247493 58% => OK
WH_determiners: 0.0170212765957 0.0127820249294 133% => OK
Vocabulary words and sentences:
No of characters: 2622.0 2731.13054187 96% => OK
No of words: 438.0 446.07635468 98% => OK
Chars per words: 5.98630136986 6.12365571057 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.57476223824 4.57801047555 100% => OK
words length more than 5 chars: 0.369863013699 0.378187486979 98% => OK
words length more than 6 chars: 0.267123287671 0.287650121315 93% => OK
words length more than 7 chars: 0.175799086758 0.208842608468 84% => OK
words length more than 8 chars: 0.116438356164 0.135150697306 86% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.82931895804 2.79052419416 101% => OK
Unique words: 209.0 207.018472906 101% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.477168949772 0.469332199767 102% => OK
Word variations: 52.9817930555 52.1807786196 102% => OK
How many sentences: 25.0 20.039408867 125% => OK
Sentence length: 17.52 23.2022227129 76% => OK
Sentence length SD: 44.3277610533 57.7814097925 77% => OK
Chars per sentence: 104.88 141.986410481 74% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.52 23.2022227129 76% => OK
Discourse Markers: 0.48 0.724660767414 66% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.14285714286 97% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 3.58251231527 56% => OK
Readability: 44.2323287671 51.9672348444 85% => OK
Elegance: 1.49264705882 1.8405768891 81% => OK
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.186571861052 0.441005458295 42% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence: 0.116269863226 0.135418324435 86% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence SD: 0.0947390419508 0.0829849096947 114% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence: 0.461053563876 0.58762219726 78% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence SD: 0.191682641515 0.147661913831 130% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0727738056078 0.193483328276 38% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0419499705392 0.0970749176394 43% => The sentences are too close to each other.
Paragraph paragraph coherence: 0.369336842246 0.42659136922 87% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence SD: 0.0244308800193 0.0774707102158 32% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.124694185585 0.312017818177 40% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0292901326851 0.0698173142475 42% => OK
Task Achievement:
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 8.33743842365 108% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 11.0 6.87684729064 160% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.82512315271 104% => OK
Positive topic words: 6.0 6.46551724138 93% => OK
Negative topic words: 8.0 5.36822660099 149% => OK
Neutral topic words: 2.0 2.82389162562 71% => OK
Total topic words: 16.0 14.657635468 109% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
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Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.5 Out of 6 -- The score is based on the average performance of 20,000 argument essays. This e-grader is not smart enough to check on arguments.
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.