The following appeared in a memo from the director of a large group of hospitals.
"In a controlled laboratory study of liquid hand soaps, a concentrated solution of extra strength UltraClean hand soap produced a 40 percent greater reduction in harmful bacteria than did the liquid hand soaps currently used in our hospitals. During our recent test of regular-strength UltraClean with doctors, nurses, and visitors at our hospital in Worktown, the hospital reported significantly fewer cases of patient infection (a 20 percent reduction) than did any of the other hospitals in our group. Therefore, to prevent serious patient infections, we should supply UltraClean at all hand-washing stations, including those used by visitors, throughout our hospital system."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
Memo from the director of large group of hospital suggest to use UltraClean hand soap at all hand washing station, including those used by visitors, throughout the hospital. As UltraClean hand soap produced a 40 percent of greater reduction in harmful bacteria and during the recent test they have found fewer cases of patient in hospital. However, before this recommendation can properly evaluate some question must be answer.
To begin with, maybe recent test of regular-strength UltraClean with doctors, nurses, and visitors at our hospital in Work-town, the hospital have nothing to do with number cases? It is possible that number of cases is reduced because there is no climatic change from past few weeks or maybe people have become self conscious about their health. If we consider that due to UltraClean hand soap number of cases are getting low than why this hand soap is not able to cure rest of the patient in hospital.
Secondly, what will be the cost of this new hand soap? Maybe, this hand soap is more effective so its cost will be higher and providing such costly hand soap everywhere is not possible. As it may affect on our yearly budget. Maybe, people will not feel comfortable to use soap instead of hand wash as soap comes in direct contact with many hands. If we consider that soap is cost efficient than people in this hospital may not like idea of replacing hand wash with soap.
Finally, on how many various kinds of bacteria this UltraClean hand soap was tested? Maybe result carried out in laboratory is on limited bacteria which are not present in the hospital. If this happens to be true than replacing hand wash with this UltraClean hand soap at every station makes no sense. It may turn out to be wastage of resources, time and money.
In conclusion, providing UltraClean hand soap at every station in hospital may not be a good idea. If director provide more evidence, answer to all above questions and carry out survey on this than this case can be overlook.
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 17 15
No. of Words: 346 350
No. of Characters: 1612 1500
No. of Different Words: 171 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.313 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.659 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.409 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 105 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 80 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 54 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 26 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 20.353 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 6.97 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.706 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.366 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.586 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.109 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 188, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “As” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...y hand soap everywhere is not possible. As it may affect on our yearly budget. May...
^^
Line 5, column 198, Rule ID: AFFECT_EFFECT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'effect'?
Suggestion: effect
...p everywhere is not possible. As it may affect on our yearly budget. Maybe, people will n...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 349, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...omes in direct contact with many hands. If we consider that soap is cost efficient...
^^
Line 7, column 188, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
... which are not present in the hospital. If this happens to be true than replacing ...
^^
Line 7, column 364, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...e wastage of resources, time and money. In conclusion, providing UltraClean hand...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, however, if, look, may, second, secondly, so, in conclusion, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 18.0 19.6327345309 92% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 12.9520958084 77% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 11.1786427146 54% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 4.0 13.6137724551 29% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 24.0 28.8173652695 83% => OK
Preposition: 59.0 55.5748502994 106% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 16.3942115768 43% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1665.0 2260.96107784 74% => OK
No of words: 346.0 441.139720559 78% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.81213872832 5.12650576532 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.31289638616 4.56307096286 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.495732935 2.78398813304 90% => OK
Unique words: 177.0 204.123752495 87% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.511560693642 0.468620217663 109% => OK
syllable_count: 508.5 705.55239521 72% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 4.96107784431 60% => OK
Article: 1.0 8.76447105788 11% => OK
Subordination: 7.0 2.70958083832 258% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 4.22255489022 118% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 19.7664670659 86% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 22.8473053892 88% => OK
Sentence length SD: 41.7231773648 57.8364921388 72% => OK
Chars per sentence: 97.9411764706 119.503703932 82% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.3529411765 23.324526521 87% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.88235294118 5.70786347227 86% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 5.25449101796 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 11.0 8.20758483034 134% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 6.88822355289 29% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.67664670659 86% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.324833656397 0.218282227539 149% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.117733620025 0.0743258471296 158% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0933258864147 0.0701772020484 133% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.199352563192 0.128457276422 155% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.084462962619 0.0628817314937 134% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.4 14.3799401198 79% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 59.64 48.3550499002 123% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 12.197005988 81% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.62 12.5979740519 84% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.73 8.32208582834 93% => OK
difficult_words: 68.0 98.500998004 69% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 12.3882235529 85% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 11.1389221557 90% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.9071856287 92% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 62.5 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.75 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.