Manned space flight is costly and dangerous. Moreover, the recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites has demonstrated that a great deal of useful information can be gathered without the costs and risks associated with sending men and women into space. Therefore, we should invest our resources in unmanned space flight.
The opinion stated in the prompt is arguing for investing the resources for unmanned space flight than to manned one. This excerpt from the national aeronautics magazine has followed certain logical reasons, however, based on the following assumptions -
1. There is no risk or minimal risks in incorporating the unmanned space flights compared to the manned ones.
2. The success of the recent unmanned space flights have outweighed the successes of the manned ones.
3. The manned space flights do not provide sufficient information compared to that of unmanned ones.
To begin with - it is not confirmed from the prompt that the successful missions of the unmanned space flights have totally been independent of human. What if these require a sophisticated hand of human to control their movement? What if the autonomous ones are not properly managed or properly build up before surging for the voyage? It is nowhere in the passage mentioned that the authority will take proper care or necessary impediments for preparing the unmanned flights before their take off. If this assurance is not confirmed then it will be nothing but a fool's idea to think that this unmanned vehicles are safer than that of human controlled ones.
Apart from that - the prompt did not provide necessary information regarding the success failure statistics of the manned and unmanned flights. Even if it is assumed that the success rate of unmanned flights are higher than that of manned ones in recent times, does it mean that it will continue for the same? What if the surroundings of the target planets changed or the unmanned ones do not have the properties to cope with heavy uncertainties. It is clearly known to all that the outside of world, space is full of anomalies. So it will not be a bad idea to assume that the space will remain same forever. Now, when this changes occur and the unmanned vehicles can not incorporate changes within them to cope with it them these unmanned flights will face huge breakdowns. On the other hand, it might not be the case a human is in charge of the flight or controls the flight as we know that an aeronaut is prepared to face this kind of situations and he or she might find a solution to save the information with his or her intelligence; absent from the unmanned ones.
Also - the information and experience a person can gather following a space voyage might be way above the mere raw information from the unmanned space flights. More importantly, a person can give suggestion based on his experience which might help for the future flights. But the unmanned space flights do not withstand any chances of doing so.
So, looking and taking all the perspectives aforementioned, it might not be a bad idea to clarify all the assumptions with take account of necessary eviden before coming to any certain conclusion.
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 7 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 2 2
No. of Sentences: 24 15
No. of Words: 484 350
No. of Characters: 2312 1500
No. of Different Words: 214 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.69 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.777 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.641 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 162 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 126 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 80 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 49 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 20.167 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 11.603 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.542 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.305 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.514 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.075 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 6 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 254, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...er, based on the following assumptions - 1. There is no risk or minimal risks in ...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 564, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'fools'' or 'fool's'?
Suggestion: fools'; fool's
...confirmed then it will be nothing but a fools idea to think that this unmanned vehicl...
^^^^^
Line 9, column 953, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ared to face this kind of situations and he or she might find a solution to save ...
^^
Line 11, column 1, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Also,
...nce; absent from the unmanned ones. Also - the information and experience a pers...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, however, if, look, regarding, so, then, apart from, in conclusion, kind of, to begin with, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 19.0 19.6327345309 97% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 14.0 12.9520958084 108% => OK
Conjunction : 14.0 11.1786427146 125% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 13.6137724551 103% => OK
Pronoun: 40.0 28.8173652695 139% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 58.0 55.5748502994 104% => OK
Nominalization: 12.0 16.3942115768 73% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2372.0 2260.96107784 105% => OK
No of words: 484.0 441.139720559 110% => OK
Chars per words: 4.90082644628 5.12650576532 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.69041575982 4.56307096286 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.69207083193 2.78398813304 97% => OK
Unique words: 215.0 204.123752495 105% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.444214876033 0.468620217663 95% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 739.8 705.55239521 105% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 4.96107784431 101% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.76447105788 46% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 2.70958083832 111% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 21.0 19.7664670659 106% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 22.8473053892 101% => OK
Sentence length SD: 49.7890789326 57.8364921388 86% => OK
Chars per sentence: 112.952380952 119.503703932 95% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.0476190476 23.324526521 99% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.66666666667 5.70786347227 99% => OK
Paragraphs: 8.0 5.15768463074 155% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 4.0 5.25449101796 76% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 14.0 8.20758483034 171% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 6.88822355289 58% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.277132661946 0.218282227539 127% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0993294363089 0.0743258471296 134% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0778372666024 0.0701772020484 111% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.16489437283 0.128457276422 128% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0775002538681 0.0628817314937 123% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.2 14.3799401198 92% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 56.59 48.3550499002 117% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 12.197005988 91% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.44 12.5979740519 91% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.91 8.32208582834 95% => OK
difficult_words: 96.0 98.500998004 97% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 12.3882235529 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 11.1389221557 101% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.9071856287 67% => The average readability is low. Need to imporve the language.
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Maximum six paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.