"Manned space flight is costly and dangerous. Moreover, the recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites has demonstrated that a great deal of useful information can be gathered without the costs and risks associated with sending men and women into space. Therefore, we should invest our resources in unmanned space flight."
The excerpt from the aeronautics magazine states that greater resources should be used to build unmanned space flight. The reason for this argument is sighted as the risks involved in sending humans into space and the recent success stories that accompanied the unmanned space probes and satellites that were sent to space. While the conclusion provided by the author is seemingly correct, a closer reveals that it is not completely justifiable.
Firstly the drawn conclusion is based on a number of assumptions that if cannot be proved diminishes the strength of the argument. The author points out that manned flights carry huge costs and risks by making use of humans. A man or women being sent to space must be specially trained and compensated and if anything unfortunate were to take place, authorities not only lose money on the invested project but lose valuable human life which is beyond other loses. But the author gives no information as to whether the production of these many unmanned space equipments is a viable option. Considering that no human would be in control of it, it requires every function to be entered into the system beforehand. If such work adds to costs heavily, a replacement of manned space flights with unmanned ones cannot be easily considered.
Moreover, the author fails to give accurate numbers on the number of launched projects and the proportion of successful ones. If the number of success stories is far lesser than the total number of launched space probes, it is not advisable to assume that unmanned space flights are completely reliable and efficient. If sending unmanned space flights were definitely less risky, more economical and as efficient as manned space flights, it would have been a goal for nations to quickly switch their strategies. The absence of this immediate switch reveals that there is various aspect to be considered before such decisions are made and changes implemented. The passage throws no light on these aspects and so it is difficult to agree with the opinion of the author.
The inference that has been drawn can be strengthened if the author provides accurate statistics of the proportion of success stories of unmanned space flights to aggregate launches, gives insightful details on the costs involved in increasing the production of these satellites, and lastly gave reasons to why such adaptations weren't made already and that these reasons can now be overcome with current resources and technological know-how.
Comments
Essay evaluation report
samples:
https://www.testbig.com/gmatgre-essays/following-opinion-was-provided-l…
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Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.0 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 15 15
No. of Words: 408 350
No. of Characters: 2057 1500
No. of Different Words: 205 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.494 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.042 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.661 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 160 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 119 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 78 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 48 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 27.2 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 12.802 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.667 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.333 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.517 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.049 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 4 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 501, Rule ID: WHETHER[6]
Message: Can you shorten this phrase to just 'whether', or rephrase the sentence to avoid "as to"?
Suggestion: whether
...es. But the author gives no information as to whether the production of these many unmanned s...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 1, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...ree with the opinion of the author. The inference that has been drawn can be st...
^^^
Line 7, column 329, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: weren't
...ly gave reasons to why such adaptations werent made already and that these reasons can...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, firstly, if, lastly, moreover, so, then, while, as to
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 27.0 19.6327345309 138% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 12.9520958084 62% => OK
Conjunction : 16.0 11.1786427146 143% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 13.6137724551 88% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 28.8173652695 83% => OK
Preposition: 50.0 55.5748502994 90% => OK
Nominalization: 11.0 16.3942115768 67% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2094.0 2260.96107784 93% => OK
No of words: 407.0 441.139720559 92% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.14496314496 5.12650576532 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.49157444576 4.56307096286 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.71657596378 2.78398813304 98% => OK
Unique words: 211.0 204.123752495 103% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.518427518428 0.468620217663 111% => OK
syllable_count: 653.4 705.55239521 93% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 4.96107784431 60% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.76447105788 114% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 2.70958083832 148% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 4.22255489022 24% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 19.7664670659 76% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 27.0 22.8473053892 118% => OK
Sentence length SD: 83.9852897172 57.8364921388 145% => OK
Chars per sentence: 139.6 119.503703932 117% => OK
Words per sentence: 27.1333333333 23.324526521 116% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.33333333333 5.70786347227 76% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 5.15768463074 78% => More paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 3.0 5.25449101796 57% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 8.20758483034 97% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 6.88822355289 73% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.67664670659 43% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.342476713526 0.218282227539 157% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.113294021513 0.0743258471296 152% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0815244314926 0.0701772020484 116% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.215258316689 0.128457276422 168% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0424657778192 0.0628817314937 68% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.3 14.3799401198 113% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 44.07 48.3550499002 91% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.8 12.197005988 113% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.83 12.5979740519 102% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.36 8.32208582834 112% => OK
difficult_words: 113.0 98.500998004 115% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 12.3882235529 89% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.8 11.1389221557 115% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.9071856287 109% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.5 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.