The argument stands on several unstated assumptions in its recommendation that Palean basket designs were not restricted to Palea. The argument takes supports the fact that the Brim river is wide and deep, and no boats were ever found in Palea. Taken as a whole, the unstated assumptions render the argument highly suspect. Indeed, if relevant evidence is not found the assumptions would not hold and the argument falls apart.
To begin with, the argument assumes that there was no alternative route connecting Palea and Lithos. As the argument only states that Lithos was on the other side of the river and does not tell us about the alternate routes that may exist between Palea and Lithos. It may very well be the case that there exist several alternate routes between Palea and Lithos and people traveling via these roots could have brought Palean-made baskets to Lithos. If this could have been the case the other's conclusion would fall apart. Only with the proper knowledge of the geography of the region, we can conclude that there existed no other connecting routes between Palea and Lithos than crossing the Brim.
Secondly, the author of the argument assumes that the river brim was always deep and broad making it impossible to cross. This assumption is very weak as it disregards that geography is changing and rivers can become shallow and thin or broad and wide with time. If the former is true that is that the river brim was shallow and thin at a time then people from Palea or Lithos could have easily crossed it bringing the baskets to Lithos. If this is the case then the conclusion of the author falls apart. To make such an assumption without a proper investigation of the history of changing geography of the Brim is fallacious and the assumption would not hold.
Thirdly, the author assumes that since no boat was found in Palea none existed. The assumption fails to take into account that most of the ancient period were made out of wood and they might have simply rotten away with time. If that is the case then Palean's or Lithosite's would both have been able to cross the Brim with the help of wooden boats. Naturally, the baskets would have then been brought by travelers to Lithos. If that is the case and boats did exist then the stated assumption is false. To verify if boats had existed or not existed at that time it would be crucial to find boat building tools or texts indicating boats as a means of transport from the sites, if any such tools or manuscripts are found then the assumption would not hold.
In conclusion, it can be said that the argument makes several unstated assumptions that seriously undermine its validity. Unless these assumptions are addressed the argument falls apart.
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 5 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 2 2
No. of Sentences: 22 15
No. of Words: 474 350
No. of Characters: 2220 1500
No. of Different Words: 193 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.666 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.684 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.349 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 134 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 94 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 64 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 40 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 21.545 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 8.902 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.636 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.33 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.546 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.118 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 449, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
... brought Palean-made baskets to Lithos. If this could have been the case the other...
^^
Line 3, column 486, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'others'' or 'other's'?
Suggestion: others'; other's
...s. If this could have been the case the others conclusion would fall apart. Only with ...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 439, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...ssed it bringing the baskets to Lithos. If this is the case then the conclusion of...
^^
Line 9, column 123, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “Unless” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
... that seriously undermine its validity. Unless these assumptions are addressed the arg...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
if, may, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, well, in conclusion, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 27.0 19.6327345309 138% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 16.0 12.9520958084 124% => OK
Conjunction : 23.0 11.1786427146 206% => Less conjunction wanted
Relative clauses : 18.0 13.6137724551 132% => OK
Pronoun: 34.0 28.8173652695 118% => OK
Preposition: 46.0 55.5748502994 83% => OK
Nominalization: 18.0 16.3942115768 110% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2265.0 2260.96107784 100% => OK
No of words: 474.0 441.139720559 107% => OK
Chars per words: 4.77848101266 5.12650576532 93% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.66599839874 4.56307096286 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.38141176011 2.78398813304 86% => OK
Unique words: 195.0 204.123752495 96% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.411392405063 0.468620217663 88% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 686.7 705.55239521 97% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.59920159681 88% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 4.96107784431 81% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.76447105788 91% => OK
Subordination: 9.0 2.70958083832 332% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 4.22255489022 95% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 22.0 19.7664670659 111% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 22.8473053892 92% => OK
Sentence length SD: 46.3670453292 57.8364921388 80% => OK
Chars per sentence: 102.954545455 119.503703932 86% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.5454545455 23.324526521 92% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.77272727273 5.70786347227 66% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 5.25449101796 76% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 8.20758483034 37% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 13.0 6.88822355289 189% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.153527950229 0.218282227539 70% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0538394030597 0.0743258471296 72% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0541880939191 0.0701772020484 77% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0825778820641 0.128457276422 64% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0549014417395 0.0628817314937 87% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.9 14.3799401198 83% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 67.08 48.3550499002 139% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 12.197005988 75% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.44 12.5979740519 83% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.14 8.32208582834 86% => OK
difficult_words: 74.0 98.500998004 75% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 12.3882235529 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 11.1389221557 93% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.9071856287 67% => The average readability is low. Need to imporve the language.
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.