These days, if you pick up a newspaper or turn on the TV or radio, you may hear or
read about the advantages of driverless cars, also called self-driving or autonomous
cars. The technology is simple to understand: using sensors and computers, these
cars can drive without input from a human. This might sound like science fiction, but
such vehicles are already on our roads and they will have a positive impact on our
driving experience.
Traffic accidents are a leading cause of injuries and fatalities in the United States,
and studies show that most crashes are caused by human error. The software that
runs driverless cars is not capable of making mistakes. As a result, such vehicles will
be much safer. One technology company has a self-driving car that has driven for
over 700,000 miles – over one million kilometers – without an accident: a better
record than all but the best human drivers.
In addition, self-driving vehicles are good for the environment because they drive
more efficiently. On a typical journey within a city, drivers deal with urban traffic by
stopping and starting their engines repeatedly. This type of driving means engines
work less efficiently and this causes a lot of pollution. Driverless cars, on the other
hand, can communicate with other vehicles, which will reduce traffic problems.
Autonomous cars will be able to start and stop their engines less often and travel at
higher speeds.
Finally, autonomous cars will give passengers time. Instead of having to focus on
driving, human occupants can focus on other things. The average time for
commuting to and from work in the United States is about thirty minutes each way.
Instead of using this time to focus on the road, passengers in driverless cars can
read, watch videos or catch up on work.
The reading and the audio prompt are both about the advantages and disadvantages of driverless or self-driving cars respectively. The author of the reading prompt feels that driverless cars will benefit the humans in a lot of ways, thereby having a positive impact on our driving experience. Whereas the author of the audio prompt feels that there are many flaws in driverless cars as well.
To start with, the author of the reading prompt feels that the introduction of self-driving cars will reduce the risk of accidents as accidents are mostly caused by human error. However, the author of the audio prompt challenges this opinion. He claims that as the mechanisms of driverless cars are designed by humans, therefore human error can also play a big role in designing these cars. Furthermore, to support his position, the author of the reading prompt claims that the self-driving cars have driven more than 700,000 miles without any accident. To prove this wrong, the author of the audio prompt gives an example of the accident caused by a self-driving car last month which created headlines.
Secondly, the author of the reading prompt suggests that these cars are good for environment, reduce pollution as they are more efficent. The author of the audio prompt, however rebuts this by claiming that as these cars do not cause pollution, more people will be encouraged to drive these cars which will increase the population on the roads, thereby giving rise to pollution in other ways. Also, age restrictions will not be enforced for driving these cars, which will further increase the number of people driving it.
Lastly, the author of the reading prompt claims that the autonomous cars will reduce passengers time as people can do their office work, read or watch videos while going to work. To counter this, the author of the audio prompt feels that people drive as they find it relaxing. Therefore, people think of driving as a welcoming distraction rather than a burden, so devoting this time also to work will not be a good idea.
Thus, the author of the reading prompt and audio prompt have contrasting views about self-driving cars.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, furthermore, however, lastly, second, secondly, so, therefore, thus, well, whereas, while, to start with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 15.1003584229 60% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 9.8082437276 102% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 13.8261648746 36% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 12.0 11.0286738351 109% => OK
Pronoun: 27.0 43.0788530466 63% => OK
Preposition: 41.0 52.1666666667 79% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 8.0752688172 111% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1798.0 1977.66487455 91% => OK
No of words: 360.0 407.700716846 88% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.99444444444 4.8611393121 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.35587717469 4.48103885553 97% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.57288208479 2.67179642975 96% => OK
Unique words: 162.0 212.727598566 76% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.45 0.524837075471 86% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 530.1 618.680645161 86% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.51630824373 99% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 9.59856630824 10% => OK
Article: 11.0 3.08781362007 356% => Less articles wanted as sentence beginning.
Subordination: 0.0 3.51792114695 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.86738351254 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 4.94265232975 81% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 20.6003584229 73% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 24.0 20.1344086022 119% => OK
Sentence length SD: 43.0940057703 48.9658058833 88% => OK
Chars per sentence: 119.866666667 100.406767564 119% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.0 20.6045352989 116% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.66666666667 5.45110844103 141% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.53405017921 110% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 5.5376344086 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 11.8709677419 76% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 3.85842293907 104% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.88709677419 41% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.236441253295 0.236089414692 100% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.109724149238 0.076458572812 144% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0607765510943 0.0737576698707 82% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.156618339716 0.150856017488 104% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0532537982363 0.0645574589148 82% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.1 11.7677419355 120% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 58.1214874552 96% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 6.10430107527 51% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 10.1575268817 113% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.96 10.9000537634 110% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.68 8.01818996416 96% => OK
difficult_words: 65.0 86.8835125448 75% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.002688172 110% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.0537634409 115% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 10.247311828 117% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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We are expecting: No. of Words: 350 while No. of Different Words: 200
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.